The Industrial Revolution

1. The Industrial Revolution

2. Historical significance of the Industrial Revolution • An ancient Greek or Roman would have been just as comfortable in Europe in 1700 because daily life ws not much difernt-agriculture and tech ology were not much cha nged in 2000+ years • The Industrial Revolution changed human life drastically • More was created in the last 240+ years than in the previous 2500+ years of human history

3. Why Did Industrialization Begin in England First?

4. Industrial England: "Workshop of the World" That Nation of Shopkeepers! -- Napoleon Bonaparte

5. The Enclosure Movement

6. “Enclosed” Lands Today

7. Metals, Woolens, & Canals

8. Early Canals Britain’s Earliest Transportation Infrastructure

9. Factory Production • Concentrates production in oneplace [materials, labor]. • Located near sources of power [rather than labor or markets]. • Requires a lot of capital investment[factory, machines, etc.] morethan skilled labor. • Only 10% of English industry in 1850.

11. The Factory System

12. Textiles: Why is this the first Industry in England? New Inventions of the Industrial Revolution

13. Richard Arkwright:“Pioneer of the Factory System” The “Water Frame”

14. John Kay’s “Flying Shuttle”

15. Jacquard’s Loom

16. Textile FactoryWorkers in England

17. The Power Loom

18. Textile FactoryWorkers in England

19. Coalfields & Industrial Centers Factories are relocated near raw materials, workers and ports

20. Coal Mining in Britain:1800-1914

21. Young Coal Miners

22. Child Labor in the Mines Child “hurriers”

23. British Coin Portraying a Factory, 1812

24. Young “Bobbin-Doffers”

25. James Watt’s Steam Engine

26. Results of the Industrial Revolution

27. Expansion of world trade • Factory system • Mass production of goods • Industrial capitalism • Increased standard of living • Unemployment Economic Changes • Decline of landed aristocracy • Growth and expansion of democracy • Increased government involvement in society • Increased power of industrialized nations • Nationalism and imperialism stimulated Political Changes • Development and growth of cities • Improved status and earning power of women • Increase in leisure time • Population increases • Problems – economic insecurity, increased deadliness of war, urban slums, etc. • Science and research stimulated Social Changes

28. Communication and Transportation Revolution Steam Ship Steam Locomotive Modern Railway Age • the most important of which was the Liverpool and Manchester line of 1830 • ability to haul its train at over 30 miles per hour • set the standard for locomotive design • A railway boom and mania followed during the 1840s

29. Later Locomotives

30. The Impact of the Railroad

31. “The Great Land Serpent”

32. Steam Tractor

33. Communications Revolution

34. British Pig Iron Production

35. Crystal Palace Exhibition: 1851 Exhibitions of the new industrial utopia.

36. Crystal Palace: Interior Exhibits

37. Crystal Palace:British Ingenuity on Display

38. Crystal Palace:American Pavilion

39. The "Haves": Bourgeois Life Thrived on the Luxuries of the Industrial Revolution

40. 19c Bourgeoisie: The Industrial Nouveau Riche

41. Criticism of the New Bourgeoisie

42. Stereotype of the Factory Owner

43. “Upstairs”/“Downstairs” Life

44. The "Have-Nots": The Poor, The Over-Worked, & the Destitute

45. Factory Wages in Lancashire, 1830

46. Industrial Staffordshire

47. Problems of Pollution The Silent Highwayman - 1858

48. The New Industrial City

49. Early-19c Londonby Gustave Dore

50. Worker Housing in Manchester