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The Microscope

The Microscope. Microscope History. 14 th Century. The art of grinding lenses is developed in Italy and spectacles are made to improve eyesight. 1590. Dutch lens grinders Hans and Zacharias Janssen make the first compound microscope by placing several lenses in a tube. 1667.

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The Microscope

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  1. The Microscope

  2. Microscope History

  3. 14th Century • The art of grinding lenses is developed in Italy and spectacles are made to improve eyesight.

  4. 1590 • Dutch lens grinders Hans and Zacharias Janssen make the first compound microscope by placing several lenses in a tube.

  5. 1667 • Robert Hooke studies various objects with his microscope and publishes his results in Micrographia. He used a compound microscope to discover that living things were composed of cells.

  6. 1675 • Anton van Leeuwenhoek, Known as the Father of Microscopy, uses a single lens microscope (only one lens) to look at blood, insects, etc…He was first to describe cells and bacteria with detail • Microscopy: the study of very small things

  7. 18th Century • Creation of microscopes using two or more lenses. These are called compound microscopes.

  8. 1903 • Richard Zsigmondy develops the ultra microscope. • To study objects below wavelength of light

  9. 1932 • Frits Zernike invents the phase-contrast microscope. • Use to study colorless and transparent biological materials

  10. 1938 • Ernst Ruska develops the electron microscope. • Uses electrons to increase visibility

  11. 1981 • Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer invent the scanning tunneling microscope. • Creates 3-D images of objects down to atomic level

  12. Microscope Parts

  13. Microscope Magnification

  14. Magnification • Refers to the Power of a Microscope. • 4 levels of Magnification are: • Low Power: 4X • Medium Power: 10X • High Power: 40X • Eyepiece Objective: 10X

  15. Total Magnification • Calculated by taking the eyepiece objective TIMES the objective lens Example: Looking through high power 10 X 40 = 400

  16. Power of Magnification Low Power-Youare able to See a large field of view, but not as much detail. High Power-the field of view is smaller, but you are able to see more detail.

  17. Microscope Terms to Know

  18. Field of View • Refers to the amount of a specimen we are able to see; decreases as the power of magnification increases.

  19. Slide • Rectangular glass plate used to view samples of water or other materials.

  20. Cover Slip • Small glass or plastic piece that is used to cover a water drop on a slide.

  21. CELLS ARE ARTWORK (thanks to microscopes)

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