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2: Rise of Greek City-States

1750 B.C. – 133 B.C. Ancient Greece Cory may. 2: Rise of Greek City-States. Geography: What was its role?. What is this?. What are we looking at?. What do you see?. Geography. LandScapes. Life by Sea. Aegean linked Greece to other cultures, themselves

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2: Rise of Greek City-States

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  1. 1750 B.C. – 133 B.C. Ancient Greece Cory may 2: Rise of Greek City-States

  2. Geography: What was its role?

  3. What is this?

  4. What are we looking at?

  5. What do you see?

  6. Geography LandScapes Life by Sea Aegean linked Greece to other cultures, themselves Became skilled sailors& traded wine, olive oil, & marble Bring back grains, metals, & ideas, like the Phoenician alphabet Use seas to expandand settle across the Mediterraneanworld. • Located on the BalkanPeninsula • Rugged coast, hundreds of harbors, mountains, & valleys • Farmed the valleys • Isolated, self-sufficient small city-states, or polis • Led to fierce rivalries

  7. The Polis • Major city with countryside. • Two leveled cities • acropolis, or high city. • Small populations help citizensshare responsibility • Communities join in festivals honoring the city’s god/goddess • Male Landowners: Held the political power

  8. Governing the Polis • Kings: Monarchy. • Noble Landowners: Aristocracy • Could afford bronzeweapons & horses/chariots • Oligarchy: Small, wealthy elite • Merchants, farmers, & artisans

  9. New Warfare Methods • 650 B.C.: ironreplaces bronze for weapons because its cheaper. Citizenscould afford weapons • The phalanx, a new formation, emerges • Requires intense drill, forms unityin armies • Leads to the dominance of: • Sparta & Athens

  10. Sparta • Located in the Peloponnesus • Slaves, or helots, worked the land • Government: 2 kings& a council of elders • Citizens: male Spartans over 30 • Harsh, disciplined life • Great military culture • Women different, why? • Isolated state • Lack art, trade, etc.

  11. Athens • Located in Attica • Wealthy, but developed a democracy • Solon, reformed government • Led to rise of tyrants • Cleisthenes creates the Council of 500 • Limited democracy • Female role in religion • Boys receive extensive education

  12. Mythology & Foreigners • Greeks were polytheistic • Zuespresided over gods & humans • Athena, Ares, Hades, Poseidon • What roles did the gods play within Greek society • Called foreigners barbaroi

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