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Life Stages

Life Stages. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT. Begins with birth Ends with death. LIFE STAGES. Person differ greatly Every person passes through certain stages of growth and development. CLASSIFICATIONS SEVEN STAGES. Infancy - birth to 1 year Early childhood - 1 -6 years

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Life Stages

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  1. Life Stages

  2. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT • Begins with birth • Ends with death

  3. LIFE STAGES • Person differ greatly • Every person passes through certain stages of growth and development

  4. CLASSIFICATIONSSEVEN STAGES • Infancy - birth to 1 year • Early childhood - 1 -6 years • Late childhood - 6-12 years • Adolescence - 12 -20 years • Early adulthood - 20 - 40 years • Middle adulthood - 40 - 65 years • Late adulthood - 65 and up

  5. TYPES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT4 TYPES • Physical: Body growth • Mental: development of mind • Emotional: feelings • Social: interactions & relationship

  6. CHARACTERISTICS OF STAGES • Tasks progress from simple to complex • foundations for the next stage • rate of accomplishment varies

  7. INFANCY Ages birth - 1 year of age

  8. Physical Development • Dramatic & Rapid changes • tripled weight • muscular & nervous system immature • reflex actions • muscle coordination develops • teeth • vision

  9. Mental Development • Rapid during first year • respond to discomforts • pain, cold, or hunger by crying • gradually become more aware of surroundings • recognize individuals • As infants respond to stimuli • learning activities grow • speech

  10. Social Development • Progresses from the total self-centered concept of the newborn to a gradual recognition of others in the environment • 4 months • recognize persons who care for them • smile • stare at others • 6 months • watch activities of others • show signs of possessiveness • shy or withdrawn from strangers

  11. 12 months shy with strangers socialize freely with familiar people mimic & imitate gestures facial expressions vocal sounds 6 months watch activities show signs of possessiveness Social Development

  12. Social cont • dependent on others for all needs • food, cleanliness & rest are essential for physical growth • Love & security • essential for mental growth

  13. EARLY CHILDHOOD AGES 1- 6

  14. Physical Development • Slower than during infancy • Skeletal and muscle development helps a child look more like an adult • legs & lower body tend to grow more rapidly then the head, arms & chest • muscle coordination • run, climb, and move freely • finger muscles develop learns to write, draw & use a fork & knife

  15. Physical continued • Age 2 - 3 • most teeth have erupted • digestive system is mature enough to handle most adult food • 2-4 years of age • learn bowel & bladder control

  16. MENTAL DEVELOPMENT • Advances rapidly during early childhood • Verbal growth • age 6 • 1,500 -2,500

  17. Mental • 2 year olds • short attention span • interested in many activities • remember details • begins understanding concepts

  18. Mental • 4 year old • ask frequent questions • recognize letters and some words • begin to make decisions based on logic rather than trial & error

  19. MENTAL CONT. • 6 YR OLD • Very Verbal • wants to learn how to read • Memory has developed • make decisions based on both past and present experiences

  20. EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT • Ages 1 to 2 • develops self awareness and the effect they have on others • limits are usually established for safety • Anger, temper tantrums may occur if desired performance not accomplished • likes routine becomes stubborn, angry, or frustrated when changes occur

  21. Emotional Development • Ages 4 - 6 • gain more control over emotions • know right or wrong • more independent • less anxiety when faced with new experiences

  22. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT • Self – Centered 1yr old • Sociable 6 yr old • Later yrs • Put self first • Trust people

  23. Needs • Food, rest shelter, protection, love and security • Routine, order, consistency in daily life • Taught to be responsible and must learn how to conform to rules

  24. LATE CHILDHOOD OR PREADOLESCENCE 6-12YRS

  25. PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT • Slow but steady • Gain 5-7 pounds per year • Ht increase 2-3 inches per year • Muscle coordination well developed • Physical activities that require complex motor-sensory skills • Loose teeth • Visual acuity the best • 10-12 sexual maturation may begin

  26. MENTAL DEVELOPMENT • Increases due to school • Speech skills develop more completely • Reading & writing should be learned • Information used to solve problems • Memory becomes more complex • Understands more abstract concepts • Loyalty, honesty, values,and morals

  27. EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT • Age 6 • Frightened and uncertain as they begin school • Reassuring parents and success in school helps gain self-confidence • Fears replaced with coping abilities • Learn to control emotions

  28. Ages 10 –12 • Sexual maturation and body changes • Restless and anxious • Difficult to understand

  29. SOCIAL CHANGES • 7 years • Activities they can do by self • Approval of others especially parents and friends

  30. Ages 8-10 • Group oriented • Forms groups with members of own sex • Ready to accept some opinions of others • Conforms to rules and standards of behavior

  31. Ages 10-12 • Tend to make friends more easily • Increasing awareness of opposite sex • Gradually move away from parents

  32. NEEDS • Basic needs • Reassurance • parental approval • peer acceptance

  33. ADOLESCENCE AGES 12 -20

  34. PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT • Growth spurts can cause rapid increases in wt & ht • awkwardness or clumsiness • Puberty • development of the sexual organs and secondary sexual characteristics • secretions of sex hormones

  35. MENTAL DEVELOPMENT • Increase knowledge and social skills • Learn to make decisions; accept responsibility for actions • Treated both like child and adult

  36. Emotional Development • Often stormy and in conflict • Concerned about their appearance • Respond more to peer groups • May create a conflict with vales previously established

  37. Later Years of Adolescence • Self-Identity has been established • Feel more comfortable with who they are • Concerned about career

  38. Social Development • Move away from family • Security in groups of people their own age • Develop a more mature attitude and patterns of behavior

  39. Needs • Reassurance, support and understanding • Basic needs

  40. Eating Disorders • Often develops from an excessive concern with appearance • Anorexia Nervosa • Bulimia

  41. Chemical Abuse • Development of a physical and /or mental dependence on these chemicals. • Trying to relieve anxiety or stres • Peer pressure • Escape from problems • Experiementation

  42. Suicide • One of the leading causes of death in adolescents • Reasons • Depression • Grief • Failure in school • Not meeting expectations • Lack of self-esteem

  43. Suicide warning signs • Verbal statements such as “I’d rather be dead,” or “you’d be better off without me” • Sudden changes in appetite and sleep habits • Withdrawal and moodiness • Excessive fatigue or agitation • Alcohol or drug abuse

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