1.2 Complex Machine- A Mechanical Team

1. 1.2 Complex Machine- A Mechanical Team

2. Background on complex machines As time passed, people began living in larger communities. They need to find ways to build larger building, provide running water and develop transportation systems for moving people and goods. To do these and other tasks they developed ever more complicated machines. They also found new ways to power these machine.

3. Complex Machines A system in which simple machines all work together to make a device. Brakes use a lever to increase the force you apply with your hands Wheel and axle Chain transfer the force from the pedals to the gear Pedals act as a lever, increasing the force you apply to the wheel and axle

4. System • System- is a group of parts that work together to perform a function. Brakes use a lever to increase the force you apply with your hands Wheel and axle Chain transfer the force from the pedals to the gear Pedals act as a lever, increasing the force you apply to the wheel and axle

5. Subsystem • Subsystem-within the system that preforms a specific function Brakes use a lever to increase the force you apply with your hands Wheel and axle Chain transfer the force from the pedals to the gear Pedals act as a lever, increasing the force you apply to the wheel and axle

6. Subsystems that transfer forces Some of the subsystems in complex machines that produce motion play a role in the transfer of energy or force In mechanical devices, these subsystems are called linkages and transmissions. Gears are an important part of these subsystems too

7. Linkages A complex machine moves an object by transferring energy from an energy source to the object. The linkage, in a bicycle, is the part that transfers your energy from the pedals to the back wheel. (the chain)

8. Transmission • A Transmission is a special type of linkage • Low gear=transmission connects a small wheel to a larger wheel • Increases the amount of power but reduces the car’s speed. • High gear=transmission connects a large wheel to a smaller wheel • Reduces the amount of power but increases the car’s speed

9. Gears Gears are essential components of most mechanical system They consist of a pair of wheels that have teeth that interlink. Larger gearwheel rotates more slowly than the smaller gearwheel

10. How Gears Work Gears are important in mechanical systems because they control the transfer of energy in the system. Gear wheels work together in gear trains of two or more wheels. The gear that has a force applied to it from outside the gear train is the driving gear. It then applies a force to the other gear, called the driven gear (follower)

11. How Gears Affect Speed http://www.dynamicscience.com.au/tester/cur/addframe.asp?url=../solutions/Curindex.asp

12. Multiplying gears If the driving gear is larger than the driven gear, the turning speed in the system increases

13. Reducing Gears The driving gear is smaller and has fewer teeth then the driven gear.

14. To hand in!! Make a list of 10 machines that you can think of in or around your home Next to each machine, describe the task that the machine performs Indentify the source of energy for each machine What source of energy do most of the machines use?