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Social Studies

Social Studies. Essential UNIT Question: How did the ancient world contribute to the development of civilization? . Social Studies Standards. Case study of an early people of the Middle East (Sumer, Egypt, or Mesopotamia): 3.1 a, 3.1 c, 3.1 d. DO-NOW:. Update Table of Contents;

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Social Studies

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  1. Social Studies Essential UNIT Question: How did the ancient world contribute to the development of civilization?

  2. Social Studies Standards • Case study of an early people of the Middle East (Sumer, Egypt, or Mesopotamia): 3.1 a, 3.1 c, 3.1 d

  3. DO-NOW: • Update Table of Contents; • Place homework in portfolio.

  4. Focus Question # 22: • What were the contributions of the Old Kingdom of Ancient Egypt? (Part 2)

  5. The Role of Religion: • The Egyptian people were polytheists; • They believed that the Pharaoh was the son of Ra (RAH), the sun god; he was viewed as the giver of life; • Egyptian religion claimed that each of their gods had a responsibility: One god was responsible for the Nile flooding; another was responsible for the harvest of crops, and the yet another for the talents of metalworkers and potters. • The most important goddess was Isis (EYE-sis): She protected people from illness. The Pharaoh claimed she was his divine mother.

  6. Ra, the Sun God Ra, the falcon-headed god of the sun; he is depicted as half-man, half-animal. The sun disk rests on his head.

  7. Isis, the Divine Mother of Pharaoh

  8. Mummification: • The Egyptian religion believed that after you died your body continued to the afterlife; • Therefore, the priests practiced mummification, which is a process of preserving one’s body in strips of cloth and the application of salts to dehydrate the skin, causing a petrified appearance. • Vital organs were removed and placed in canoptic jars; • Lastly, the priests also applied perfumes and oils to the body.

  9. Preparations for Afterlife:

  10. Sarcophagus & Canopic Jars Priests placed vital organs in jars Sarcophagus = Coffin

  11. Tomb Raiders:

  12. Tombs as Proof of Life: • The pyramids were erected as tombs for the pharaohs. • Imhotep, the first architect and engineer to be known by name, built the first pyramid in honor of PharaohZoser. • It was built in the town of Sakkara. • The design is known as a stepped pyramid because it did not have smooth sides.

  13. Stepped Pyramid:

  14. Menes “The Pharaoh of Unity”

  15. The Double Crown of Egypt Crown of Upper Egypt (White); Crown of Lower Egypt (Red) United Crown of Egypt

  16. Lower and Upper Egypt:

  17. Silt deposits = Rich soil Silt scooped out of the Nile Silt helps nourish soil

  18. Egyptian Irrigation The Shadoof Canals

  19. The Nilometer

  20. Egyptian Cloth Egyptian weavers Flax was used for clothing

  21. The Flooding of the Nile River

  22. Egyptian Transportation

  23. Egyptian Domestication

  24. The Nile and Its Delta

  25. The Delta

  26. Activity:

  27. Homework # 31: • See HW tab (Website)

  28. Today’s Middle East • http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/me.htm

  29. Today I Learned . . .

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