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CEREBRAL MEDULLA & LATERAL VENTRICLE

CEREBRAL MEDULLA & LATERAL VENTRICLE. Dr. Ahmed Fathalla Ibrahim. TYPES OF FIBRES. ASSOCIATION FIBRES: They connect cortical areas lying within same cerebral hemisphere COMMISSURAL FIBRES:

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CEREBRAL MEDULLA & LATERAL VENTRICLE

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  1. CEREBRAL MEDULLA & LATERAL VENTRICLE Dr. Ahmed Fathalla Ibrahim

  2. TYPES OF FIBRES ASSOCIATION FIBRES: • They connect cortical areas lying within same cerebral hemisphere COMMISSURAL FIBRES: • They cross midline & connect cortical areas in one hemisphere to functionally related cortical areas in the other hemisphere PROJECTION FIBRES: • They connect cortical areas to areas outside cerebral hemispheres

  3. ASSOCIATION FIBRES SHORT: • They connect adjacent gyri in same lobe LONG: • They travel through white matter & connect gyri of different lobes

  4. ASSOCIATION FIBRES

  5. LONG ASSOCIATION FIBRES • Superior longitudinal fasciculus: • Connects frontal and occipitallobes • A part connects frontal and temporal lobes in dominant hemisphere(arcuate fasciculus): links Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas (areas important for language function)

  6. LONG ASSOCIATION FIBRES • Inferior Longitudinal fasciculus: • Runs from occipital to temporal poles • Connects primary visual & visual association areas • Contributes to function of visual recognition • Lesion:object agnosia (cannot recognize objects), prosopagnosia (cannot recognize faces)

  7. LONG ASSOCIATION FIBRES • Uncinate fasciculus: • Connects frontal and temporal lobes • Connects parts involved in regulation of behavior • Cingulum: • Travels along frontal, parietal and temporal lobes • Connects parts of limbic lobe

  8. COMMISSURAL FIBRES • Corpus callosum: • The largest of commissural fibres • Connects corresponding regions of frontal, parietal & occipital lobes in both hemispheres (but not temporal)

  9. CORPUS CALLOSUM Body Splenium Genu Rostrum

  10. COMMISSURAL FIBRES • Major parts of Corpus callosum: • Rostrum: connects the inferior surfaces of frontal lobes • Genu: fibres curve forwards to form anterior forceps (forceps minor) that connect frontal lobes • Body: most of fibres run transversally & connect parietal lobes • Splenium: fibres curve backwards to form posterior forceps (forceps major) that connect occipital lobes

  11. COMMISSURAL FIBRES • Anterior commissure: • Formed of a small & a large bundle • The small bundle connects olfactory regions in temporal lobes • The large bundle connects the rest of temporal lobes • Hippocampal commissure: • They connect the fornix on each side

  12. PROJECTION FIBRES • They are ascending & descending fibers • Fibres projecting to & from cerebral cortex are distributed radially as corona radiata • Fibres become concentrated to form the internal capsule

  13. INTERNAL CAPSULE

  14. INTERNAL CAPSULE • It is a V-shaped band of projection fibres • It is divided into: • Anterior limb • Genu • Posterior limb • Retrolenticular part

  15. INTERNAL CAPSULE Anterior limb: • Site: between head of caudate nucleus & lentiform nucleus • Contents: • Fibres from anterior nuclear group of thalamus to cingulate gyrus • Fibres from medial nuclear group of thalamus to prefrontal cortex • Frontopontine fibres

  16. INTERNAL CAPSULE Genu: • Site: between head of caudate nucleus & thalamus • Contents: • Corticobulbar fibres

  17. INTERNAL CAPSULE Posterior limb: • Site: between thalamus & lentiform nucleus • Contents: • Corticospinal fibres • Fibres from ventral posterior nucleus of thalamus to postcentral gyrus • Fibres from ventral anterior & ventral lateral nuclei of thalamus to motor regions of frontal lobes

  18. INTERNAL CAPSULE Retrolenticular part: • Site: behind lentiform nucleus • Contents: • Fibers from medial geniculate body of thalamus to auditory cortex • Fibers from lateral geniculate body of thalamus to visual cortex • Parieto- temporo- & occipitopontine fibres

  19. LATERAL VENTRICLE • Anterior horn of LV • Body of LV • Posterior horn of LV • Inferior horn of LV • Interventricular foramen • Third Ventricle • Supraoptic recess of TV • Infundibular recess of TV • Suprapineal recess of TV • Cerebral acqueduct • Fourth Ventricle • Lateral recess of FV

  20. VENTRICULAR SYSTEM OF BRAIN

  21. LATERAL VENTRICLE • CAVITY: of telencephalon • SITE: within cerebral hemisphere • SHAPE: C-shaped • COMMUNICATION: with 3rd ventricle through the interventricular foramen of Monro

  22. HORIZONTAL SECTION III: 1- Genu of corpus callosum. 2- Forceps minor. 3- Anterior horn of lateral ventricle. 4- Head of caudate nucleus. 5- Thalamus. 6- Septum pellucidum. 7- Body of fornix. 8- Posterior horn of lateral ventricle. 9- Splenium of corpus callosum. 10- Forceps major. 11- Optic radiation. 12- Lateral sulcus. 13- Tail of caudate nucleus. 14- Putamen. 15- Claustrum. 16- Anterior limb of internal capsule. 17- Genu of internal capsule. 18- Posterior limb of internal capsule.

  23. Tail of caudate N Inferior horn of LV Hippocampus

  24. PARTS OF LATERAL VENTRICLE • ANTERIOR HORN: • Cavity of frontal lobe • Lies in front of interventricular foramen • Its anterior wall: genu of corpus callosum • Its floor: rostrum of corpus callosu • Its roof: body of corpus callosum • Its lateral wall: head of caudate nucleus • Its medial wall: septum pellucidum

  25. PARTS OF LATERAL VENTRICLE • BODY: • Cavity of parietal lobe • Lies behind interventricular foramen • Its floor: thalamus & fornix • Its roof: body of corpus callosum • Its lateral wall: body of caudate nucleus • Its medial wall: septum pellucidum

  26. PARTS OF LATERAL VENTRICLE • POSTERIOR HORN: • Cavity of occipital lobe • Its medial wall: splenium of corpus callosum • INFERIOR HORN • Cavity of temporal lobe • Its roof: tail of caudate nucleus • Its floor: hippocampus

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