Infinitive or –ing form ?? w ith little or no difference in meaning

1. Infinitive or –ing form ?? with little or no difference in meaning like, love, cannot bear, begin, start, hate, prefer, continue Like + -ing = We enjoy something He likes watching horror films. Like + full infinitive= We think it is a good idea. I like to have my tyres checked whenever I buy petrol.

2. I preferswimmingtoplayingbasketball.(general preference) I prefertowatchTV at night. (specificpreference) I prefertostudylawratherthanstartworking. I’dprefertoseehimratherthanleaveearly I hatetomentionit, but youoweme 1000 TL. I’dlovetocomeandseeyou. Wouldyouprefertowait? I’dliketoseehim.

3. Begin, start: usually the -ing form goes with simple tenses and the infinitive with progressive tenses (to avoid having two -ing forms together) It startedraining an hour ago. Be quiet! The teacher is beginningto talk.

4. + -ing + someone + full infinitive advise allow encourage permit recommend require The manager does not allow anyoneto smoke here. The manager does not allow smoking here.

5. see hear feel notice watch observe listen to for actions which are incompleteor still in progress see hear feel notice watch observe listen to for complete actions someone+ing someone +bare infinitive Infinitive or –ing form ?? with different meanings

6. e.g. I was walking past the reception hall when I saw him playing the piano. ( I witnessed a part of the action.) We saw him play the piano at the concert. ( I witnessed the whole action, from the beginning to the end.)

7. * Try + -ing = make an experiment If you want to get rid of your soar throat, trydrinking something hot. * Try + full infinitive = make an effort I’ll tryto persuade her to come with us, but I don’t think she will change her mind. * Stop + -ing = stop what one is doing or does They stoppedshouting when he came in. * Stop + full infinitive =make a break to do something else I was writing a letter, but I stoppedto answer the phone.

8. * Remember + -ing= remember what one has done/what has happened I remembervisiting Berlin in 1996. * Remember + full infinitive = remember what one has to do Remember to bring your books. * Forget + -ing= forget what one has done/what has happened (only when forget is in the negative) I will never forget seeing her. * Forget + full infinitive = forget what one has to do Do not forgetto bring your books. * Regret + -ing= be sorry for what has happened I regretstudying Law at university. * Regret + full infinitive = be sorry for what one is going to say I regretto tell you that you’ve failed.

9. * Mean + -ing= involve I will learn how to row even if it meanspractising every day. * Mean + full infinitive = intend I meanto stop smoking even if it meansgaining weight. * Go on + -ing= continue what one has been doing They went on playing football. * Go on + full infinitive = change, move on to something new He welcomed the students and went onto explain the new rules. * Need + full infinitive= have to do She needsto study harder. * Need+ -ing= need to be done My car needsrepairing.

10. * suggest + -ing He suggestedleaving at six. * suggest that he (should) + bare inf. He suggested that she (should) leave at six. He suggests that she leaves at six. *suggest +noun I suggest a lesson with a coach. * recommend + -ing I recommendedusing a dictionary in the exam. * recommend that he (should) + bare inf. I recommended (that)he (should) read that report. I recommended (that)he reads that report.

11. * advise + -ing I'd advisebuyingyour tickets in advance if you want to travel in August. * advise someone + full infinitive He advised meto take out medical insurance. * advise that he (should) + bare inf. They advise that a passport (should) be carried with you at all times. * advise against -ing = advise you not + full infinitive I’d advise against attempting this by yourself.