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What makes an effective writer? • The essay has a clear format – Introduction with thesis statement and stating what the three body paragraphs will be about – use one sentence for each subtopic you will have. At least 3 body paragraphs presenting three different points of the main topic, a clear conclusion, restating the thesis. • When you’re doing a timed writing, don’t worry about 3 paragraphs, think intro, one body (maybe 2), and conclusion. • Someone who can engage their readers without having to write lengthy pieces. • Someone who can use many different sources effectively and keeps the topic cohesive and the paper flowing. • Someone who has smooth transitions between each paragraph, connecting the previous paragraph to the next - use the last sentence in the previous paragraph.
Outline • Introduction • Grabber – This will be the first sentence in your paper. In timed writing, don’t take more than 2 minutes to come up with a grabber. Try to think of a way to “grab” the reader into your essay. Why should they read your paper? • Introduce your topic by making a claim and supporting it with something from the text. This also should not take more than a few minutes. • Next, lay out a little blue print of how you want your essay to be read (example – this is subtopic 1, subtopic 2, subtopic 3)
Outline cont’d • Lastly, in your introduction, you will present the thesis that you are going to support with every claim and textual evidence. Everything will point back to this (example – Abigail Williams is a cowardly character in Arthur Miller’s drama The Crucible. • This has your TAG (Title, Author, Genre). • Do we use personal pronouns in anything besides personal narratives?
Outline cont’d • Body Paragraphs • Each paragraph should begin with a topic sentence – example: Beginning with how she refuses to tell her uncle everything that happened in the woods, Abigail … • Then, present at least 3 claims for your subtopic. I could use how she is cowardly with all the information at first, then when someone else brings it up, Abigail confesses yet another thing that happened (like Ruth Putnam conjuring her dead siblings) • To appropriately cite plays, you write “” (The Crucible, Act I, line …)
Outline cont’d • Body Paragraphs cont’d • At the end of each paragraph, you need to write one sentence that creates a smooth transition from paragraph to paragraph. (example – Abigail is spineless within more than just her confessions of the woods. • SSQS – Speaker, Situation (claim), Quote (support), Significance (interpret why your quote supports your claim. More support)
Outline cont’d • Conclusion • Begin your conclusion by restating your thesis statement. • What does this mean? • Then, go over your paper one more time, don’t necessarily remind the reader of every little thing they read, but remind them of how you proved your thesis. • Lastly, leave a clincher, something that keeps the reader thinking more deeply about your topic and your proof.
Ways to help your paper • Use complete sentences. Instead of saying “she is a coward” write “Abigail is a cowardly character because …” • Try to write an outline, and a rough draft. On your outline and rough draft, go crazy with your red pen. These notes are for you, not for anyone else. Make notes that will help your paper to grow, not dwindle. • When you are doing a timed writing, you do not have time for a “final” draft. Instead, go through your paper with the last few minutes and correct any misspelled words and if you have repeated a word too many times, come up with a synonym – bring your thesaurus/dictionary.
Ways to help your paper, cont’d • If it’s not a timed writing, ask another person to read your paper, someone who will tell you what to fix. Listen to what they have to say, because another pair of eyes can never hurt.
Prompt • Explain how the following characters: John Proctor, Reverend Parris, Reverend Hale, or Abigail Williams is either brave or cowardly, honest or dishonest. • Create an outline to answer the prompt using these last few minutes. • Begin with your thesis statement. • Then, write your grabber in the thesis section. • Next, continue with your subtopics (claims). • Then, go through the text and find your textual evidence. (for now, just write the page number and line number, you can add the words when you actually write the paper!) • Then, write your topic sentences and transitions for each subtopic. • Lastly, restate your thesis and come up with your clincher in the conclusion section.