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Assessment and Return to Play Following Sports-Related Concussion

Assessment and Return to Play Following Sports-Related Concussion. By Frank Ayala & Alex Stepanek. What Exactly is a Concussion?. Considered a mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) Clinical syndrome with immediate and transient impairment of neural functions.

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Assessment and Return to Play Following Sports-Related Concussion

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  1. Assessment and Return to Play Following Sports-Related Concussion By Frank Ayala & Alex Stepanek

  2. What Exactly is a Concussion? • Considered a mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) • Clinical syndrome with immediate and transient impairment of neural functions. • No universal agreement on definition of concussion • 10 % of all athletic injuries are classified as a concussion

  3. What Happens Medically • Result of a blow to the head or other part of the body causing an acceleration or deceleration of the brain inside the skull • Stretching, twisting, and separation of dendritic branches • Neurons temporarily dysfunctional but not destroyed

  4. Symptoms of a Concussion • Headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, balance problems, feeling slowed down, fatigue, trouble sleeping, drowsiness, sensitivity to light or noise, loss of consciousness, blurred vision, amnesia, or difficulty concentrating. • Symptoms aren't usually evident until several minutes to hours after the blow

  5. Concussion Education • CDC, NFL, NBA, NHL, NFSA, NCAA all are intent on concussion education • Some laws establish that athletes, parents, and coaches be informed about concussion information

  6. Assessing Concussions • Thorough clinical evaluation on the field of play is critical for identification and management • Include history of concussions, observations, palpation, and special tests like balance • Goal for on field evaluation is to identify life threatening conditions, if exist treat as a medical emergency

  7. Assessing Concussion cont. • Evaluation of signs and symptoms, cognitive functinoing, and postural stability is the goal • Use results from neuropsychological tests, physcial tests, and injurt evaluation to diagnose • Symptom checklist and symptom scale • ImPACT, CogSport, HeadMinderCRI, ANAM-SMB are all computerized testing

  8. Multiple Concussions • Junior Seau • Increased risk after first • 3x greater risk if suffered 3 within last 7 years • Longer recovery time • 3+ concussions, 8x more likely for LOC, 5x for amnesia • Most take place within 10 days of origional

  9. Resuming Participation • Take out of play immediately • Should be individualized • Standard is 7 days minimal • Slowly resume participation, 24 hours/level, 72 for multiple concussions • Have evaluation before resuming • Athletes may lie • Consider age, history, sport type, severity

  10. Career Ender • After suffering 2 concussions in a season, seriously consider ending season • After 3 in a career, consider ending career in sport • 3+ concussions had 5x more cognitive impairment, 3x memory problems, association with Alzheimer’s Disease, Dementia, depression • Parkinson’s Muhammad Ali

  11. Prevention • Education • Testing, baseline • Technology (UNL)

  12. Citation • President's Council on Fitness, S. &. (2011). Assessment and Return to Play Following Sports-Related Concussion. President's Council on Fitness, Sports & Nutrition, Vol. 12 (Issue 1), p.g. 1-10.

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