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The Growth (and Decline) of the Suburbs

The Growth (and Decline) of the Suburbs. AP Human Geography. Background Info. 1850-1950 : People leave rural areas for urban and cities such as Chicago experience rapid growth. 1950 (post-WWII) : 20% of American’s live in suburbs, 40% in small towns and 40% in big cities.

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The Growth (and Decline) of the Suburbs

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  1. The Growth (and Decline) of the Suburbs AP Human Geography

  2. Background Info • 1850-1950: People leave rural areas for urban and cities such as Chicago experience rapid growth. • 1950 (post-WWII): 20% of American’s live in suburbs, 40% in small towns and 40% in big cities. • 2000: 50% live in suburbs, 30% in cities, 20% in small towns and rural areas. • The pattern? First the growth of cities, then the growth of suburbs, and now the decline of suburbs?

  3. Annexation • Historically, cities grew larger (land) by annexing neighboring suburbs. • Today, suburban residents prefer to remain suburban. Why? • Originally, cities provided better services. • Schools, water, police, sewers, etc. • Today, suburbs can provide own services for cheaper (usually higher quality too)

  4. Levels of Urbanization • City- independent, self- governing unit. • Ex. Chicago • Urbanized area- central city and surrounding suburbs. • 70% live in urbanized areas (30% in city, 40% in burbs) • Ex. Chicago and surrounding suburbs • Metropolitan statistical area (MSA) • The area of influence of a city (functional area) • Ex. Chicagoland area, including parts of Indiana and Wisconsin.

  5. Levels of Urbanization

  6. Megalopolis • A string of MSA’s that overlap, creating one large, connected urban area. • U.S. East coast from Boston to Washington DC. • Think of cookies melting together.

  7. Peripheral Model/ Edge City • Chauncy Harris • Nodes (edge Cities) located outside of the CBD • Concentration of business, shopping, and entertainment outside a traditional urban area in what had recently been a residential suburb or semi-rural community. • Develops on the periphery of a larger city.

  8. Chicagoland Edge Cities

  9. Suburban Sprawl • Sprawl refers to the spread of urbanized areas, specifically the suburbs, into undeveloped rural areas. • Suburbs grew rapidly following WWII and were still growing at a rapid pace until the housing crisis of the mid-2000’s. • Now, some suburban housing developments sit vacant and have been foreclosed by banks. • Negative impacts • Less farmland • Unsightly developments • Loss of natural areas • Spread out…..requires auto

  10. Sprawl in Las Vegas

  11. Sprawl in Chicago

  12. Smart Growth • Limit the negative impacts of suburban sprawl. • Greenbelts in Europe • Areas of wilderness/ forest between urban developments • New Urbanism • Walkable neighborhoods that have various housing options and businesses. • Return to “downtown” areas • Reduce the need for auto • Parks, squares, gardens • Environmentally friendly

  13. Examples New Urbanism Greenbelts

  14. Proposed Development at 87th and the Lake

  15. Roosevelt Collection

  16. Foreclosures

  17. End of the suburbs? • Many experts believe that the expansion of the suburbs in the U.S. has come to an end. • Why? • Baby boomer generation getting old • People having fewer children • Cities are desirable for younger people as gentrification occurs.

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