Hey Brian White 

1. Hey Brian White  Brandon Mui AnjamIftikhar Rachael Komuhendo Kimberly Ellis Annie McDougall

2. 1. The major goal of living things is to control chemical reactions which can be explained by thermodynamics which is the study of all chemical energy including the chemical reactions. • 2. All reactions require some amount of activation energy to pass the threshold and allow for it to continue. • 3. Heat can increase the rate of a reaction. • 4. Gibb's Free Energy (∆G) can explain the potential energy in molecules and their favorability to react. Group Consensus Lecture 1

3. 1. The breaking of bonds requires the input of energy, while the formation of bonds releases energy. • 2. Catalysts are another factor that increases the rate of a reaction by lowering the amount of activation energy needed to kick start the reaction. • 3. Catalysts cannot make reactions with a +∆G value, happen. • 4. Catalysts are not changed or affected in any way during the reaction. Group Consensus Lecture 2

4. 1. Enzymes are catalysts made of proteins that are more efficient in increasing the rate of the reaction because there is a control element added. Enzymes are reaction-specific and therefore can only speed up the rate of one reaction. • 2. Metabolism is the sum of all the chemical reactions and enzymes within the organism. • 3. Enzymes are unchanged by the reaction they catalyze. Group Consensus Lecture 3

5. Thermodynamics is the study of all the reactions that happen internally within organisms and externally in the environment. Reactions utilize energy in order to proceed, however, not all reactions happen at the same rate because all reactions differ in the amount of activation energy needed to reach the threshold of the reaction into the transition state. So as a solution, catalysts are introduced to the system to help speed up the rate of the reactions. These molecules are unaffected by the reaction and are able to be used over and over again. Enzymes are protein catalysts that are found within the bodies of organisms and they help to catalyze the reactions that are fundamental to life and growth. Group Consensus for Lectures

6. Is there a reaction such that it goes form its stable form to unstable if enough energy is put in to the reaction to change it form stable to unstable? • Can enzymes be "bad," in a sense? Meaning, are there enzymes that can speed up the reaction of debilitating reactions within the body? Final Questions