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Cross- Border Agricultural Trade in the GMS

Cross- Border Agricultural Trade in the GMS. Dr. Suthiporn Chirapanda Thailand Tapioca Development Institute March 2010. Year 2009 All commodities. Baht 870,755 million Major groups of commodities: Agricultural 13.0 % Agro- industrial 5.9 %

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Cross- Border Agricultural Trade in the GMS

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  1. Cross- Border Agricultural Trade in the GMS Dr. Suthiporn Chirapanda Thailand Tapioca Development Institute March 2010

  2. Year 2009All commodities Baht 870,755 million Major groups of commodities: • Agricultural 13.0 % • Agro- industrial 5.9 % • Industrial 71.0 % • Minerals and fuels 10.1 % Thailand exports to GMS

  3. Exports Major agricultural products: Baht million • Rubber 56,136 • Cassava 26,970 • Fruits (fresh, chilled, frozen and dried) 7,751 • Rice 7,724 • Maize 3,681 • Animals and animal products 2,743 • Fish (fresh, chilled and frozen) 2,229

  4. Year 2009 All commodities Baht 758,452 million Major groups of commodities: Fuels 14.6% Capital goods 36.5% Raw materials and semi-processed 28.6% Consumers goods 18.5% imports from Thailand GMS

  5. Imports Major Agricultural Products and Inputs: Baht million Fruits, vegetables 14,105 Fertilizers, pesticides 12,959 Crops 7,196 Yarn and fibre 6,870 Wood and wood products 6,380

  6. Agricultural Trade with Cambodia Exports Imports Crops Fruits, vegetables Paper pulp Wood and wood products • Sugar • Other livestock products • Animal feed • Fruits (fresh, chilled and frozen)

  7. Agricultural Trade with China Exports Imports Fertilisers and pesticides Fruits, vegetables Yarn and fibre Crops • Rubber • Cassava • Rice • Fruits (fresh, chilled and frozen)

  8. Agricultural Trade with Lao PDR Exports Imports Wood and wood products Crops Fruits, vegetables Tobacco • Animals and animal products • Rice • Fruits • Rubber

  9. Agricultural Trade with Myanmar Exports Imports Edible meat Wood and wood products Fruits, vegetables Aquatic products (fresh, chilled and frozen) • Animals and animal products • Herbs and spices • Fruits • Pork (fresh, chilled and frozen)

  10. Agricultural Trade with Vietnam Exports Imports Yarn and fibre Aquatic products (fresh, chilled and frozen) Fruits, vegetables Animals and animal products • Maize • Rubber • Chicken • Shrimps and prawns

  11. Trade Balance between Thailand and GMS Year 2009 SurplusDeficit Cambodia China Lao PDR Myanmar Vietnam

  12. Trend- Case of Thailand • Total trade between Thailand and GMS has increased 4 ½ times from B 359 billion to B 1,619 billion during 2000-2009 • Both exports and imports have increased at about the same rate. • For some years, trade was in deficit. For others, it was in surplus.

  13. 4. Examples: Cambodia Trade has increased nearly 4 times, while imports into Thailand have shot up 8 times. China Trade deficit with China for every year during 2000-2009. Rate of growth in exports is higher that the case of imports. 5. Future trend is on the increase and trade gap is narrowing, with smaller countries gaining more ground.

  14. Factors Contributing to Successes in Agricultural Trade in GMS • Free trade and FTA • Transportation network (e.g. East-West Corridor, North-South Corridor) • IT • Trade facilitation (e.g. goods in transit) • Foreign investment (e.g. cane sugar, pulp) • Contract farming (e.g. maize, asparagus, baby corn)

  15. Constraints to Agriculture Trade in GMS 1. Infrastructural development 2. Skilled labour 3. Political considerations (e.g. border dispute, hilltribe warlords, drug trafficking) 4. Government intervention (e.g.price and income support programmes) 6. SPS measures

  16. Factors Affecting Agribusiness Development in GMS • Supply chain (e.g. from raw material to processed products) • Logistics (e.g. electricity supplies, refrigeration, roads, warehouses, clean water) • Preferential treatment (MFN status for developing countries)

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