Waste recycling and sustainable development in Qingdao

1. Waste recycling and sustainable development in Qingdao Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences(CRAES) Meng Wei May, 2012

2. Main contents • Generation and recycling of solid waste in China • Waste recycling case study in Qingdao

3. General survey of cities in China • Number of main cities in China:661 • Urban population:0.69 billion, accounting for 51.27% • Average GDP of urban people：5540 USD

4. Main types of solid waste in cities • Municipal solid waste • Industrial solid waste • Hazardous waste • Other solid waste (E-waste, Kitchen waste)

5. Quantity and fate of municipal solid waste (Cleaned and transported)

6. Yield and recycling rate of industrial solid waste

7. Yield and recycling rate of hazardous waste

8. Generation and fate of E-waste ×Million tons • Main e-waste yield:4.5 million tons • Main types: computers. TV, refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners, occupying for 98% • Main fate：selling to second hand dealer, turn in for new one, leaving unused and donation

9. General survey of the circular economy development in China • Key provinces and cities • 10 provinces and cities (such as Shandong province, Liaoning Province and Jiangsu province) were chosen as the experimental units, including resource-based, resource-poor, and other types. • Industry parks • 13 industry parks were chosen as the experimental units, including national and provincial development zones, heavy and chemical industries concentration zones, and agricultural demonstration zones. • Key industries of high-consuming and heavy-polluting • 7 key industries were chosen, including steel, non-ferrous metals, coal, power, chemical, building materials, light industry; pilot job was carried out in 42 enterprises. • Key areas of resources recycling • 4 key areas were chosen, including recycling network construction, waste metals recycling, e-waste recycling, and remanufacturing; pilot job was carried out in 17 enterprises.

10. Achievements of circular economy in China • Recycled industrial solid waste accounts for 67%, up to 1.6 billion tons per year; recycled hazardous waste accounts for 62%, up to 10 million tons per year. • 0.34 billion tons of coal were saved by the implementation of 10 energy-saving key projects. • Coal consumption of power plant was reduced by 10.0%, from 370 g to 333 g coal per kilowatt-hour;energy consumption of steel plant was reduced by 12.8%, from 694 Kg to 605 Kg coal; energy consumption of cement plant was reduced by 24.6%.

11. General survey of Qingdao • Located in the south of Shandong peninsula, bordered on the Yellow sea • key port and tourist city • Total area : 10,000 square kilometers, population: 8.6 million • Home appliance, basic chemical industry, light industry, textiles, machinery manufacture are main industries • It is inevitable to develop the resource circulation for sustainable development Qingdao

12. Frame system of circular economy development in Qingdao Informationized eco-industrial park, vein industry park model Sea water heat, wind energy, solar energy Circular economy model Renewable energy utilization E-waste recovery network Solid waste information exchange platform Information support Recovery network Industry policy ,economy policy legislation Recycling of coal ash and e-waste Wastes recycling Management policy Engineering and technology Management and policy Common technologies to develop circular economy in cities

13. Generation characters of industrial solid wastes in Qingdao ×10000 tons • Large yield • Industrial solid wastes:6.5283 million tons • Hazardous wastes:500.7thousand tons • Main types • Such as carbide slag, white mud and coal ash. • Closely related with the industry structure.

14. Recycling of several typical solid waste Sulfuric acid plant 60,000 tons Carbide slag Pyrite slag PVC production plant Sulfur concentrate Building materials production plant Carbide slag 50,000 tons 25,000 tons Coal ash 100,000 tons Lead and zinc smelting plant 140,000 tons Alkali production plant White mud Cyanide residue 40,000 tons Newly increased production value annually :25 million USD; Energy consumption per unit product:0.086t standard coal per 10 thousand RMB, 93% decrease compared to the average level in China; SO2 emission reduction amount: 190t/a; COD emission reduction amount: 2t/a. Huangdao power plant Gold smelting plant

15. Supporting system speeding the recycling of solid waste –building the platform for waste information exchange

16. Recycling of solid waste from the communities (E-waste)

17. Fate of electronic waste in Qingdao second hand accessories junk market wastes 销售 sale dismantling recovery personnel regenerated resources citizens new good for old 以旧换新 wasted and old materials recovery companies idle units relatives and friends Open-air emissions hope project present depressed area

18. E-waste dismantling and recycling demonstration project • Implementation site: Qingdao Xintiandi Ecological Circular Tech. Co., Ltd • Processing capability :0.6 million per year • Economic benefit: production value up to 8 million USD per year • Society benefit: promoting the implementation of old for new policy

19. Fund mechanism of e-waste recycling Note：Negative means not require subsidy

20. Vein industry park in Qingdao • Waste appliances and electronic products: 0.6 million/y • Waste cars: 25 thousand/y • Waste plastics: 80 thousand tons/y • Waste tyres: 30 thousand tons/y • Hazardous wastes: 80 thousand tons/y • Medical wastes: 8 thousand tons/y

21. Development of sea water heat resources in Qingdao Development potential analysis Total capacity potential is 900MW Qingdao Power Plant olympic sailing center millennium dragon garden

22. Development and utilization of wind energy Wind energy resource distribution in Qingdao Wind energy utilization demonstration project in Huawei wind power plant • Wind energy density: 240.3w/m2 • Average available time per year: 6485 hours

23. 10 11 High Middle Low 8 7 5 6 2 9 1 4 3 Development and utilization of solar energy Solar energy resource distribution in Qingdao • Solar energy demonstration projects were launched in Mo river park, and high-tech zone . • Environmental benefit: saved coal up to 0.45t/y, CO2 reduced up to 1.2t/y

24. Policy system to promote the development of circular economy <Notice on comprehensively promoting the clean production>, < Implementation for resource conservation campaign project in Qingdao>, <Opinion about developing the circular economy in Qingdao>, and other official files were issued successively to give tax preference to the projects regarding energy saving, and waste recycling.

25. Summary • Industry structure analysis and resourcfulization potential evaluation are the basis for solid waste recycling • Comprehensive recycling of main industrial solid waste, such as carbide slag and white mud, was implemented in Qidao • Solid waste information exchange platform and E-waste recovery network were constructed, playing the important role in the circular economy development • Environmental safety in the resourcfulization process must be paid much attention

26. Thank you for your attention!Mengwei@craes.org.cn