K3-L1 Lecture Notes

1. K3-L1 Lecture Notes Prof. Mickey Hong Foreign Language & Humanities

2. G8.1 VS/AS + (?)? ? ???? “Wonder if; think about” Recall –(?)?? (K2 G8.4 Shall I/we…?/ Do you think…?). It is used to: 1. to propose an activity 2. ask someone if something will be a certain way Examples: ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? (shall we?) ???? ?? ? ??? ?? ???? (do you think?)

3. -(?)?? ?? expresses the speaker wondering about doing something ?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ? ? ?????

4. -(?)?? ???? literally means the speaker is thinking about doing something ??/??? ? ?? ????. ?? ?? ????? ????.

5. -(?)? ???? ???/?? ???? means “I am in the middle of thinking/ wondering.” A: ?? ??? ???? ???? B: ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???. ??? ?? ???? ???? ???.

6. -(?)? ???? ???/?? ???? means “I am in the middle of thinking/ wondering.” A: ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ? ???? B: XBOX 360? ? ?, PS3? ? ? ?? ?? ????. ?? ? ? ??? ?? ????.

7. -(?)? ??, -(?)? ????,-(?)? ???? ???/?? ???? A: ?? ??? ?? ??? ? ??? B: ?, ?? ?? ?? (?? ??) ?? ?? ?/???/ ???? ??/?? ???

8. -(?)? ??, -(?)? ????,-(?)? ???? ???/?? ???? A: ?? ??? ????? B: ???, ?? ? ????. ??? (????) ???? ??/????/ ???? ???/?? ????

9. -(?)? ??, -(?)? ????,-(?)? ???? ???/?? ???? A: ?? ????? ??? B: ?, ??? ?? ?? (???) ??? ??/????/ ???? ???/?? ????

10. G8.2 VS/AS + ??? -? indicates the speaker recalling a situation s/he experienced or witnessed -??/(?)?? background information Translation “what I experienced/saw was that…”

11. 1. ?? ??? ????? ????? (I saw your friend waiting, did you meet her/him?) 2. ?? ??? ????? ????? (Your friend waited, did you meet her/him?)

12. Used to refer to a particular past the speaker experienced A: ?? ??? ?? ? ???? B: ?, ??? ??????. A: ?? ???? ??? ????. B: ??? ?? ??? ???? A: ??? ??? ????.

13. Politely disagreeing with one’s own contrasting experience A: ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???. B: ????, ?? ?? ?? ? ??????. A: ????

14. More examples A: ? ????? ??? ?? ???? B: ?, ??? ?? ??? ??. A: ??? ?? ??????? B: ?, ?? ?? ? ??? ?? ?????.

15. More examples A: ???? ????? ?? ?????/? ????? B: ???, ??? ?? ?????. (??? = to be regretfully wasted) ?? ? ?? (??) ??

16. ???? ?????(VS/AS + ???) ??? (????) ?????? ??? ?? ?? (??) ????

17. ?? ????? ???????(VS/AS + ???) ?, ???? ? ? (??) ????. A: ?? ?? ? ? ???? B: ???, ??? ??? ? (???) ?????.

18. VS/AS + ??? A: ????? ??? ?? ? ????? B: ???, ?? (???) ????? A: ???, ??? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? (??) B: ??, ?? ? ??. ?? ?? ?? ???. ?????

19. G8.3 VS/AS + (?)? ??? “as/because (I) intend/expect” (?)?? (K3 G6.5) “since,” “now that,” gives reason in an excuse, explanation, or justification for a command or request to make it sound more convincing or persuasive (?)??? further provides the reason for speaker’s intention or explanation

20. Examples A: ?? ?? ???? 6?? ?? ???, 6:30? ???. B: ?? A: ? ?????. ??? ? ? ??. (??? = to keep)

21. ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????  ?? ????, ?? ?? ??? ???  ???.

22. –(?)? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ? (??) ?? ? ?? ???. ????? A: ?? ?, ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ??. B: ?? ?? ?? ??? A: ?, ?? ?? ?? ??? ? (??). ????

23. –(?)? ??? A: ?? ????? ??? B: ?? ? (??) ?? ??? ?? ??? A: ?? ??? ???? B: ???, ?? ?? ????. A: ??? ?? (??) ?? ???. ?????

24. G8.4 The plural particle ? Attached to a noun or adverb, specifies that it is plural Used to indicate either the expressed or understood subject is plural

25. Any one of these is possible. In general, it is best translated as “you all” when indicating people. ? ???? ?? ?? ????? ? ??? ??? ?? ????? ? ??? ?? ??? ????? ? ???? ?? ??? ????? ? ???? ??? ??? ????? ? ??? ?? ?? ????, ??

26. Other common phrases w/ -? ??/??? (???) ??/???… ????… ????… ???… Hurry/quickly, you all... All of you (all)… In peace you all… Everyone of you (all)… All of you first…

27. Noun/Adverb + ? A: ??? ??? ? ?????. B: ??? ????? ???? ???. A: ??? ?? ??????? ???. B: ?, ???????

28. G8.5 –?/? ??? (completion) “having done, by doing, by being, as, and” Grammatically identical to K3 G7.7 which means “having –ed/because/since”; similar to –?/??. –?/? ??? is more colloquial

29. Examples ??? ??? ? ??? ???? ???. ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???.

30. Examples ?? ????? ?? ? ??. ??? ? ?? ? ??? ?? ????.

31. –?/? ??? (completion) “having done, by doing, by being, as, and” ?? ? ??? ??? ? (??) ??? ????. ? ????? ??? ? ???. ???? ? ????? ?? ??? (????) ?????? ???.

32. –?/? ??? (completion) “having done, by doing, by being, as, and” ???? (???) ???? ??? ??? ???. ????? ???? ?? ????? (???) ???? ? ??. ??????

33. G8.6 VS/AS –?/(?)?/(?)? ? ??/??? “know/knew; don’t know/didn’t know” Indicates presumed thought; something the subject thinks or thought would happen or didn’t think of

36. Examples (Present) ??? ???? ??? ?? ? ????. ???? ?? ????. ???? ? ????.

37. Examples (Past) ??: ?? ??? ?? ?? ? ????. ??? ? ?? ???. ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ? ????.

38. Examples (Future) ??? ?? ? ????. ??? ????. ???? ? ???. ???? ??? ?? ? ? ????.

39. VS + ? ? ??AS + (?)? ? ?? (Present) ?, ??? ? (??) ? ????. ?? ? ??? (??) ????. ? ?

40. VS/AS + (?)? ? ?? (Past) ?, ?? ????, ?? ?? (????) ????. ??? ? ??? ?? ??? ?? (??) ? ????. ??? ?

41. VS/AS + (?)? ? ?? (Future) ??? ??? ??? (????) ? ????. ??? ? ?, ?? ??? (???) ? ???. ?? ?

42. G8.7 VS/AS + (?)? ?? Not to be confused with VS + ??/(?)?? (background information) Indicates worry, doubt, wonder, concern, or regret due to presumed thought Best translated as “it/you must be (something worrisome) Similar to VS/AS + ?? (K2 G10.4) which is neutral presumption without feeling -?/?? ?? “it/you must have been”

43. VS/AS + (?)? ?? A: ?? ?? ????. B: ?? ??. A: ???? ??? ? ???. B: ??? ??? ??.

44. VS/AS + (?)? ?? ????. ?? ???? ??. ???? ?? ? ???.

45. VS/AS + (?)? ??… (??) ???? ?? ? ?? ???. (?? ??) ?? ??? ?? ??? ?.

46. VS/AS + (?)? ?? ? ??? ?? ??? ? ?? ???? (????) ??? ?? ?? ??? ?. (????) ??? ??

47. VS/AS + (?)? ??… ??? ? (????) ? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????. ?? ??? ? (??). ? ??