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Heat of Neutralization

Heat of Neutralization. Experiment 28 March 23, 2010 Dr. Scott Buzby, Ph.D. Objectives. To measure, using a calorimeter, the energy changes accompanying neutralization reactions Learn the Kelvin temperature scale Define heat capacity. Kelvin.

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Heat of Neutralization

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  1. Heat of Neutralization Experiment 28 March 23, 2010 Dr. Scott Buzby, Ph.D.

  2. Objectives • To measure, using a calorimeter, the energy changes accompanying neutralization reactions • Learn the Kelvin temperature scale • Define heat capacity

  3. Kelvin • The kelvin (K) is a unit increment of temperature and is one of the seven SI base units (meter, kilogram, second, mole, ampere & candela) • The Kelvin scale is a thermodynamic (absolute) temperature scale referenced to absolute zero, the theoretical absence of all thermal energy • By definition it is zero kelvins (0 K) • 1 Kelvin = 1° Celsius

  4. Heat of Reaction • Every chemical reaction is accompanied by a change in energy, usually in the form of heat • The energy change of a reaction is called the Heat of Reaction or the Enthalpy Change (DH) • If heat is evolved, the reaction is exothermic and DH < 0 • If heat is absorbed, the reaction is endothermic and DH > 0

  5. Heat of Neutralization • Tonight we will measure the heat of neutralization when an acid and a base react to form water • This is measured by allowing the reaction to take place in a thermally insulated vessel called a calorimeter • The heat given off by the reaction will cause an increase in the temperature of the solution and the calorimeter • If the calorimeter was perfect, no heat would be by the calorimeter or the laboratory

  6. Heat Capacity of Calorimeter • In order to determine the heat of reaction we must first determine the amount of heat absorbed and the heat capacity of the calorimeter • Heat capacity of the calorimeter is the amount of heat (in joules) needed to raise its temperature by 1 kelvin • The heat capacity of a calorimeter is determined by measuring the temperature change that occurs when a known amount of hot water is added to a known amount of cold water • The heat lost by the hot water is equal to the heat gained by the cold water and the calorimeter

  7. Heat Capacity of Calorimeter • Procedure on top of Page 322 • Graph Temperature vs. Time for hot and cold water • Do the calculations on the report sheet • Page 320-321 and example 28.1 for help

  8. Heat of Neutralization • Procedure: • Part B – Page 322 • Part C – Page 323 • Graph Temperature vs. Time for solution • Do the calculations on the report sheet • Page 320-321 and example 28.2 for help

  9. Due Next Week • Report Sheet – Pages 325-327 • Questions – Page 327 • Three Graphs – Pages 328-330 or print-outs • Pre-Lab Experiment 33 – Page 427 • Reminder – Course evaluations will be next week

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