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Biomolecules

Biomolecules. Biology. Definitions.

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Biomolecules

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  1. Biomolecules Biology

  2. Definitions • A biomolecule is any organicmolecule that is produced by a living organism, including large polymeric molecules such as proteins, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids as well as small molecules such as primary metabolites, secondary metabolites, and natural products. • As organic molecules, biomolecules consist primarily of carbon and hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen, and, to a smaller extent, phosphorus and sulfur. Other elements sometimes are incorporated but are much less common.

  3. Small molecules: • Lipid, phospholipid, glycolipid, sterol, glycerolipid • Vitamin • Hormone, neurotransmitter • Carbohydrate, sugar Sugar

  4. Monomers • Amino acids • Monosaccharides --Nucleotides

  5. Polymers: • Peptides, oligopeptides, polypeptides, proteins • Nucleic acids, i.e. DNA, RNA • Oligosaccharides, polysaccharides (including cellulose) • Lignin

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