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Engineering 215 Principles of Electrical Engineering Physics 262 Electrical Circuits and Devices

The Electronics Course. Engineering 215 Principles of Electrical Engineering Physics 262 Electrical Circuits and Devices. Outline. Student Information Sheet PHY 108, 242, 242, 250, 321, etc. EGR 111, 112, 250, 321, 343, etc. MTH 133, 138, 139, 233, 234, etc. Syllabus.

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Engineering 215 Principles of Electrical Engineering Physics 262 Electrical Circuits and Devices

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  1. The Electronics Course Engineering 215Principles of Electrical EngineeringPhysics 262Electrical Circuits and Devices

  2. Outline • Student Information Sheet • PHY 108, 242, 242, 250, 321, etc. • EGR 111, 112, 250, 321, 343, etc. • MTH 133, 138, 139, 233, 234, etc. • Syllabus

  3. Who should take this course? • This course is part of the curriculum for the following disciplines: • Physics • Aerospace • Agricultural • Biological Systems • Chemical • Civil • Electrical • Industrial • Mechanical • Nuclear • Ocean • Petroleum • Radiological Health

  4. What are the course objectives? • To be able to identify electrical components in your everyday life • To learn how to interpret electrical schematics • To design analog and digital circuits • To build complex electrical circuits • To use software for circuit design and testing

  5. What are the course objectives? • To develop troubleshooting techniques • To get hands-on experience • To learn how to use diagnostic equipment • To understand the physics of electron flow at the atomic level • To improve our mathematics skills

  6. Where do we find electrical circuits? • Communications • Radio, internet, telephone, television • Data Processing • Desktop computers, servers • Automobiles • displays, sensors, motors • Home • lighting, heating, appliances • Weather Stations • wind speed, precipitation, temperature • Power Plants • moving magnets, transformers

  7. The Electronics Course Time to take notes….

  8. Chapter 1 Introduction

  9. Chapter 1 - Introduction • Electricity • From the word “Elektron” • Greek for “amber” (Meter stick and Cup Demo)

  10. John Travoltage PhET Physics Education Technology

  11. What’s the point? • With knowledge about the fundamentals of electricity we can create circuits that control the flow of electricity. • These circuits can work for us… …and think for us.

  12. What is electricity? Valence Electron

  13. That’s Electricity!

  14. What is electricity? Valence Electron

  15. What can multimeters measure? • Voltage • Current • Resistance • Frequency • Capacitance • Other Functions • AC and DC (Voltages) • Open and Closed Circuits • Hold Demos: 9V Batteries Wall Outlet Body Resistance

  16. Symbols, Quantities, and Units • q • i • v • P • R

  17. Ohm’s Law • V=IR Electrical Power • P=IV Resistance Question • What is the resistance of a 100W light bulb?

  18. Shocking Demo • Key Idea: “Contact Resistance” • 9-Volt Batteries • Salt Water • Thought Questions: • Is water a good conductor? • What is de-ionized water?

  19. Benjamin Franklin (January 17, 1706 – April 17, 1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Franklin was a leading author, printer, political theorist, politician, postmaster, scientist, musician, inventor, satirist, civic activist, statesman, and diplomat. As a scientist, he was a major figure in the American Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries and theories regarding electricity. He invented the lightning rod, bifocals, the Franklin stove, a carriage odometer, and the glass 'armonica‘. He facilitated many civic organizations, including a fire department and a university.

  20. Inside of a 9 Volt Battery http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tr5ZB1eFhwc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nzgDffMcsUU (fake) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s_8n2Qgguto

  21. What is an insulator? • a material that does not allow electrons to flow freely • Examples: • Wood • Plastics • Ceramics • Amber • Air

  22. What is a conductor? • a material that allows free electron movement • Examples: • Aluminum • Gold • Copper • Most Metals

  23. What is a semiconductor? • a class of materials whose electron conductivity is between that of a conductor and insulator • Examples: • Silicon • Germanium

  24. Circuit Symbols • Resistor • Capacitor • Inductor • Switch • Unspecified Circuit Element • Battery • Bulb

  25. Sketch the circuit for the diagram above using standard circuit symbols.

  26. What is a short circuit? • Answer: A low resistance path across the terminals of an electrical energy source

  27. Sprial Wound Shunt Type Slow Blow Fuse

  28. GFCI Circuit Beakers http://home.howstuffworks.com/circuit-breaker2.htm

  29. Electrical Current • Current • the rate of flow of charge through a conductor measured in Amperes (1 A = 1 C/s) • Charge of the Electron • e = -1.603  10-19 Coulombs • Conventional Current • Direction of flow of positive (+) charges • Electron Current • Opposite to that of conventional current

  30. Effect of Electric Currents on the Body • 0.001 A can be felt • 0.005 A is painful • 0.010 A causes involuntary muscle contractions • 0.015 A causes loss of muscle control • 0.070 A can be fatal if the current last for more than 1 second

  31. Electricity & Safety • Body Resistance • 100 Ohms (soaked in salt water) • 500,000 Ohms (very dry) • How much voltage is fatal if you have dry skin? • ...if you are soaked in salt water? • “Current Kills” • How can we keep currents low in the lab?

  32. Current Equation Charge in Coulombs (C) Current in Amperes (A) Time in Seconds (s) Calculus:

  33. Types of Electricity • Static Electricity - no motion of free charges • Current Electricity - motion of free charges • Direct Current (DC) • Alternating Current (AC) (Plot On Chalk Board)

  34. Voltage • Voltage is the measure of the potential to move electrons. • 1 Volt = 1 Joule/Coulomb • Sources of Voltage • Batteries (DC) • Wall Outlets (AC)

  35. More Circuit Symbols • DC Voltage Supply • AC Voltage Supply • DC Current Supply • AC Current Supply

  36. Kirchhoff’s Current Law • “The net current in a node is zero.” • For example…

  37. Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law • “The sum of the voltages in any closed loop is zero.”

  38. V A W Digital Multimeters Measurement Device Circuit Symbol Voltage Voltmeter Current Ammeter Resistance Ohmeter “Across” “Through” “Across” (and Not in circuit)

  39. Appendix B: Resistor Color Codes Tolerance 5% Gold 10% Silver 20% No 4th band -2 Silver -1 Gold 0 Black 1 Brown 2 Red 3 Orange 4 Yellow 5 Green 6 Blue 7 Violet 8 Gray 9 White

  40. Resistor Wattage Limit Resistors will burn up if their power limit is exceeded. 1/8 W 1/4 W 1/2 W 1 W 2 W

  41. Resistor Equations • Ohm’s Law: v = iR • Resistance: Length in Meters (m) Cross-sectional Area In square meters (m2) Resistance in Ohms (W) Resistivity in Ohms-meters (W m)

  42. Resistivity of Copper 0.000000017.2 Ωm Resistivity of Water 181,800 Ωm

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