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Plate tectonics (pp 339-343) Plate boundaries (pp 343-348) Earthquakes (pp 375-384)

Wednesday July 11. Plate tectonics (pp 339-343) Plate boundaries (pp 343-348) Earthquakes (pp 375-384). Free floating magnetite particles align following a well defined pattern around a magnet.

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Plate tectonics (pp 339-343) Plate boundaries (pp 343-348) Earthquakes (pp 375-384)

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  1. Wednesday July 11 • Plate tectonics (pp 339-343) • Plate boundaries (pp 343-348) • Earthquakes (pp 375-384)

  2. Free floating magnetite particles align following a well defined pattern around a magnet. If support is frozen, and magnet is moved, magnetite particles keep trace of the old position of the magnet

  3. Magnetic poles drift? Yes, but not possible to have two north poles!!!

  4. Plate tectonics is the explanation!!

  5. Evidences of plate tectonics • Shape of continents • Magnetic pole drift • Hot spots • Magnetic striping and age of seabed • Similarities in fauna and flora

  6. Evidences of plate tectonics • Shape of continents • Magnetic pole drift • Hot spots • Magnetic striping and age of seabed • Similarities in fauna and flora

  7. Evidences of plate tectonics • Shape of continents • Magnetic pole drift • Hot spots • Magnetic striping and age of seabed • Similarities in fauna and flora

  8. Plate motion and boundaries

  9. Why do plates move??

  10. PLATE MOTIONThree types of plate boundary

  11. Divergent boundary

  12. Animation 1

  13. Example: Mid-Atlantic Ridge • a topographically high area • near the middle of the Atlantic • Ocean • splits nearly the entire • Atlantic Ocean north to south,

  14. Divergent: Atlantic Ridge LAVA FOUNTAINS KRAFLA VOLCANO ICELAND

  15. Rio Grande Rift

  16. Convergent boundary I:oceanic -continental plate involved -> Subduction Animation 2

  17. OCEANIC-CONTINENTAL COLLISONS SUSTAIN MOST VOLCANIC ACTIVITY AROUND THE PACIFIC OCEAN

  18. Convergent boundary II:oceanic -oceanic plates involved -> Subduction • Subduction processes in oceanic-oceanic • plate convergence result in the • formation of volcanic arc islands

  19. Convergent boundary III:NO oceanic plate(s) involved -> Mountain chains Animation 3

  20. Convergent boundary III:NO oceanic plate(s) involved -> Mountain chains

  21. Example: Andes Mtns • West margin of the South American continent • oceanic Nazca Plate is pushed toward and beneath the continental portion of the • South American Plate • typical example of a convergent plate boundary

  22. Nazca - S.America plate collision

  23. Transform boundary

  24. Transform boundary Animation 4

  25. Example: San Andreas fault in California Pacific Plate slides past the North American Plate.

  26. Transform boundary

  27. Plate Motion Summary

  28. Earthquakes

  29. Are due to the release of strain in the lithosphere • They propagate as waves of two types: • Compression (or longitudinal or P-mode) waves • Deformation (or transversal or S-mode) waves

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