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Thorax

Thorax. Arthrology. Typical Rib Head (two facets) Neck Tubercle (facet) Angle Proximal end – costal cartilage. Typical Rib. Anterior articulations of ribs. Rib 1 to sternum (manubrium) Fibrous joint No movement Ribs 2 – 7 true ribs Synovial (gliding) joints

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Thorax

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  1. Thorax

  2. Arthrology • Typical Rib • Head (two facets) • Neck • Tubercle (facet) • Angle • Proximal end – costal cartilage

  3. Typical Rib

  4. Anterior articulations of ribs • Rib 1 to sternum (manubrium) • Fibrous joint • No movement • Ribs 2 – 7 true ribs • Synovial (gliding) joints • Radiate sternocostal ligaments • Ribs 8-10 = false, articulate with 7 • 11-12 = floating

  5. Sternum

  6. Rib Articulations

  7. Rib Articulations (Posterior)

  8. Posterior Joints • Superior costal facet with inferior articular facet of T vertebrae above • Inferior costal facet with superior facet of rib with same number • Facet on tubercle with transverse process of T vertebrae of same number • Radiate ligaments (head) • Costotransverse ligaments (tubercle with transverse process)

  9. Posterior Joints

  10. Posterior Joints

  11. CostoVertebral Joints

  12. CostoVertebral Joints

  13. CostoVertebral Joints

  14. Muscles associate with the ribs • Intercostals • External • Internal • Innermost • Transversus thoracicis • Levatores costarum

  15. Muscles

  16. Muscles

  17. Innervation/Blood Supply

  18. Innervation/Blood Supply

  19. Muscles/Nerves

  20. Levatores Costarum

  21. Muscles

  22. Diaphragm • Origin • Insertion • Nerve Supply (Phrenic C3, C4 bilaterally)

  23. Diaphragm

  24. Diaphragm

  25. Diaphragm

  26. Diaphragm

  27. Phrenic Nerve

  28. Combined actions of mm of respiration • Inspiration • Diaphragm • External intercostals • Levatores costorum • Accessory – SCM, Scalenes • Expiration • Mostly passive • Abdominals • Internal intercostals

  29. MM of Respiration

  30. Abdominal Muscles • Anterior Abdominal Wall • Skin/Subcutaneous fascia-fat • Rectus Sheath • Rectus abdominus • External obliques • Inguinal ligament • Inguinal canal – contents -hernia

  31. Fascia

  32. Fascia

  33. Rectus Sheath/Fascia

  34. Rectus Sheath/Fascia

  35. Muscles

  36. Muscles

  37. Muscles

  38. Muscles

  39. Inguinal Ligament

  40. Inguinal Ligament/Canal

  41. Inguinal Ligament/Canal

  42. Inguinal Ligament/Canal

  43. Inguinal Canal/Femoral Sheath

  44. Spermatic Cord

  45. Spermatic Cord

  46. Femoral Nerve, Artery and Vein

  47. Dermatomes

  48. Abdominals • Anterior wall continued • Internal obliques • Transversus abdominus

  49. Internal Oblique

  50. Transversus Abdominus

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