E N D
Thought of the Day Yesterday, we talked about the Phoenicians and the Israelites. Who was the ruler of the Israelites? Describe him and why the people liked him. If you could choose anyone to be our President, who would you choose? Would you want our President to be like the Israelites ruler? Why? (Be realistic) Write 5 complete sentences.
Assyrians Located by upper part of Tigris River Semitic speaking use iron weapons Empires includes: Mesopotamia, Iran, Asia Minor, Syria, Israel, & Egypt Ruled by kings (had absolute power) local officials worked with kings (very organized) Established networks posts to send messages Last King- Ashurbanipal- established 1st world library in Ninevah about SW Asian civilizations
Assyrian Military Good at conquering others had military leaders & fighters large armies (with iron weapons) horse-drawn chariots Military tactics include: Guerilla warfare Battering rams Siege towers Terror
Fall of Assyrian Empire taken over by the Chaldean King Nebuchadnezzar II He made Babylonia center of empire Fell to Persians in 539BC Persians Lived in SW Iran Nomadic Ruled by Cyrus (559-530BC) from Asia Minor to India Cyrus captured Babylon, but allowed Jews to return to Israel Ruled Babylonians & Jews Later ruled by Cambyses & invaded Egypt Darius (521- 486BC) added western India & Thrace to empire, & invaded Greek mainland
Persian Empire 20 provinces called satrapies governor called the Satrap He protects kingdom, collects taxes, provides justice, & recruits soldiers Maintained roads (supplied shelter, food, new horses) Royal Road (from Lydia to Susa) Created standing armies (calvary & infantry units) Called soldiers “Immortals” meaning if they died, they were immediately replaced
Religion Zoroastrianism Zoroaster believed to be the prophet of “true religion” (660BC) Monotheistic Believe in the god Ahuramazda (“wise lord”) battle with Ahriman (evil) Ahuramazda gave free will for humans to choose right and wrong Fall of Persian Empire Kings increased taxes caused people to be disloyal Struggles over monarchy (rule by king or queen) Plots to take over throne led Greek ruled Alexander the Great to conquer empire