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Consequences of First Encounters: Columbus and the Conquistadors

Explore the impact of European colonization on indigenous populations in the Americas, including the devastation of disease, introduction of new weaponry, and the Columbian Exchange of plants and animals.

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Consequences of First Encounters: Columbus and the Conquistadors

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  1. As the representative of a Christian nation, Columbus believed that he had the right and duty to dominate the people he found. “They should be good servants and intelligent, for I observed that they quickly took in what was said to them, and I believe that they would easily be made Christians, as it appeared to me that they had no religion. I, our Lord being pleased, will take hence, at the time of my departure six natives. . . .” —Journal of Christopher Columbus, October 1492 First Encounters

  2. Hernán Cortés Aztecs Tenochtitlan Moctezuma Francisco Pizarro Incas First Encounters The Conquistadors

  3. Native Population Declines Weaponry Steel-edged swords, pikes, and crossbows. Guns – (psychological advantage). Horses. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U-Csvd3_wxA First Encounters

  4. Devastation of Disease Smallpox, typhus, diphtheria, bubonic plague, and cholera. From about 300,000 in 1492, the island’s population declined to a mere 500 by 1548. Leads to slavery First Encounters

  5. Columbian Exchange Exchange of Plants and Animals colonists introduced their domesticated livestock: pigs, horses, mules, sheep, and cattle. Domesticated plants: including wheat, barley, rye, oats, grasses, and grapes. First Encounters Effects of Exploration

  6. First Encounters Global Interdependence Use the excerpts to identify potential negative and positive consequences of global exchange and interdependence: Draw and complete the following table

  7. First Encounters HW Answer the following questions from your group activity: • What does Columbus claim to have found for Spain? • What does de Las Casas say has happened to many islands in the Americas? • In what ways do Nader and Friedman differ in their opinion of global markets? • How do you think workers and political leaders in the United States should respond to increasing global interdependence?

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