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A Larger World Opens: Expanded Influence of Western Civilization 1400’s

A Larger World Opens: Expanded Influence of Western Civilization 1400’s. Age of Exploration and Colonization. Europe in the Dark Ages. FOOD Ideas Questions Hopes, dreams, aspirations. A Look Back. Crusades 1095-1291 Battle between two religious groups. Why?

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A Larger World Opens: Expanded Influence of Western Civilization 1400’s

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  1. A Larger World Opens: Expanded Influence of Western Civilization 1400’s Age of Exploration and Colonization

  2. Europe in the Dark Ages • FOOD • Ideas • Questions • Hopes, dreams, aspirations

  3. A Look Back • Crusades • 1095-1291 Battle between two religious groups. Why? • What was the immediate outcome of the Crusades? • What was the far reaching outcome of the Crusades – and how does it show that the far away past effects the present?

  4. The Renaissance • Literature • Science • Art • Politics

  5. Motives in the Age of Exploration • Attracted to East for silks and spices • Desire for wealth and adventure • Religious zeal- save souls • Gold, Glory and God

  6. Pattern of Contact Begin by trading Armed conflict- Europeans had cannon Set up trading partners- some stay to protect partners and Europeans Made alliances with local leaders Developed mercantilism- trade centered around Home Nation

  7. Impact on World by European Contact Purpose was to serve the homeland weather it was slaves, furs, cotton, fish, spices, tobacco, gold or silver. Colonies improved the lives of Europeans greatly. In the Americas More intermarriage by Spanish /Portuguese and French Disease was devastating. Measles, influenza, smallpox Violence common

  8. The World Dominated by Europe Africa- completely dominated by Europe- only one independent country Ethiopia Southeast and Asia- French in Vietnam, British in Burma, Spanish in Philippines, Dutch in Indonesia India- French and British compete- British win out, not independent until 1948 South America- Spanish dominated: Others joined ( French, Dutch, British, and Portuguese) too

  9. Improvements in Navigation • Better maps, follow coasts at first, used compass • better ships- square sails and new hull design, heavy enough to carry canon • use of astrolabe- magnetic compass sail by stars • knowledge of wind patterns • First the Portuguese (Prince Henry) then Spanish, France and England

  10. Portuguese Explorers • Prince Henry- 1460t looking for trade and an ally against the Muslims/ Congo • Diaz- made it to Cape of Good Hope 1488 • Vasco de Gama- went in search of Christians and spices- arrived in India • 1510 Portuguese flags in Goa, India and Macao, China

  11. The Spanish • believed had to be a short cut by sailing west • Columbus- (Genoan) went west 1492 • arrived in Caribbean thought it was the Indies thus the west Indies- • Magellan- around the world • East and West divided- Pope drew a line Spain and Portugal

  12. Pattern of Contact • Begin by trading • Armed conflict- Europeans had cannon • set up trading partners- some stay to protect partners and Europeans • made alliances with local leaders • Dutch and English less apt to become involved with culture/religion • developed mercantilism- material from colony- buy finished products form Europe.

  13. Slave Trade • Portuguese- trade with Africa- To Portugal as servants than to Brazil to work on plantations • Africans less susceptible to European diseases that Native Americans • But death rate was high 13-30% just on the trip • African middlemen active- depopulate entire areas of Africa- food from Americas helped increase birthrate

  14. Spice Trade-East Indies • Very important to Europeans- made food palatable • Portuguese again led the way • Spain in the Philippines- stayed till 1898 • Dutch East India Company very aggressive- competed with British East India Company • Both dominated the East Indies and India

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