120 likes | 300 Views
RESPIRATION Chapter 9 VOCAB REVIEW. Type of fermentation shown below: Pyruvic acid + NADH → alcohol + CO 2 + NAD +. Alcoholic fermentation. Unit used to measure energy in food (= 1000 calories). Calorie (capitalized). Type of fermentation shown below:
E N D
Type of fermentation shown below: Pyruvic acid + NADH → alcohol + CO2 + NAD+ Alcoholic fermentation Unit used to measure energy in food (= 1000 calories) Calorie (capitalized)
Type of fermentation shown below: Pyruvic acid + NADH → lactic acid + NAD+ Lactic acid fermentation Amount of energy needed to raise 1 gram of water 1◦Celsius calorie (lower case)
First step in releasing the energy of glucose, in which a molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid glycolysis Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen CELLULAR RESPIRATION
Fermentation Process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen Series of proteins in which high energy electrons from the Krebs cycle are used to convert ADP into ATP Electron transport chain
Second stage of cellular respiration in which pyruvic acid is broken down intocarbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting steps Krebs cycle Carbohydrate with the chemical formula C6H12O6 used as a source of energy in living things glucose
Molecule containing three carbons that is formed when glucose breaks apart during glycolysis, the first part of cellular respiration Pyruvic acid Molecule formed from pyruvic acid that accumulates in muscles during exercise when oxygen is not available Lactic acid
NAD+ and FAD Electron carriers involved in glycolysis Means : ’’not in air’’ ; process that does NOT require oxygen ANAEROBIC
AEROBIC process that requires oxygen Natural substance found in muscles that regenerates ATP for extended energy for muscle activity which is used as a dietary supplement to increase muscle strength and performance and can lead to dehydration, muscle injury, kidney failure and even death if abused. creatine
Co-enzyme helper that reacts with pyruvic acid to form Actyl-CoA before it enters the Krebs cycle CoA 6 carbon molecule that is the first formed during the Krebs cycle made by joining the acetyl group from Acetyl-CoA to a 4 carbon molecule Citric acid
Molecule that acts as an energy carrier in all cells ATP Enzyme in the inner mitochondrial membrane that spins as H+ ions pass through which adds a phosphate group to ADP to make ATP ATP synthase
Membrane proteins that pass high energy electrons along and use the energy to pump H+ ions from the matrix across the membrane to the intermembrane space Electron transport chain 2nd step in aerobic cellular respiration in which molecule cycle through intermediates and produce Krebs cycle