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Sudden Death in Athletics

Sudden Death in Athletics. What is Sudden Death in Athletics?. Brought on by exercise Cardiac arrest brought on by a sudden change in an activity level Low risk among athletes. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM). Hypertrophy of L ventricle No other CHD issues

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Sudden Death in Athletics

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  1. Sudden Death in Athletics

  2. What is Sudden Death in Athletics? • Brought on by exercise • Cardiac arrest brought on by a sudden change in an activity level • Low risk among athletes

  3. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

  4. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) • Hypertrophy of L ventricle • No other CHD issues • Obstruction to ventricular outflow 20-30% of all cases • Occurs with Valsalva event • After exercise • Sudden change in posture • Diastolic dysfunction (80%)

  5. HCM • Generally no previous symptoms prior to death • S/S • Syncope • Fatigue • Chest pain • Systolic ejection murmer

  6. Diagnostics • Electrocardiogram – 90% accurate but does not detect ventricular outflow obstruction • Echocardiogram – Best Test • Secondary to arrhythmias • Most individuals are asymtomatic prior to death • IF HCM is detected, mortality rates are quite low (2 – 6%)

  7. Aberrant Coronary Arteries 2 Types • Aberrant origin of the left coronary artery from the right sinus • Origin of the right coronary from the left sinus, with the anomalous artery coursing between the aorta and the pulmonary artery

  8. Diagnostics • Very difficult to detect • Exercise Stress Test • Echocardiography • Cardiac Catheterization is Best • When detected, an athlete can only be released to participate after surgical correction has taken place.

  9. Marfan’s Syndrome • Genetic Disorder (8/100,000) • Brings on many symptoms • Abnormal joint hyperflexibility • Abnormal connective tissue in: • Cardiac, musculoskeletal, ocular • Abnormal physical characteristics • Tall, long fingers, mitral valve prolapse, concave chest (pectus excavatum) • All or some symptoms may appear • Refer to Team MD for further consultation

  10. Aortic Stenosis -  Bloodflow Congenital heart Disease • Most common form – any lesion that results in obstruction near the aortic valve • S/S – syncope, chest pain, shortnes of breath, Harsh Systolic Murmur • Echocardiography used to detect

  11. How to Detect in Athletes • Cardiac history • Both athlete and parent • Full physical exam • Cardiologist/Family MD, orthopod, Ob/Gyn, etc. • Cardiac exam at rest & elevated BP

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