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Explore Vienna as the center of music in the 18th and 19th centuries, with Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven shaping symphonic forms. Discover the Sonata Rondo and Sonata Cycle structures.
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Vienna is the European center for music during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries
Haydn will eventually retire there • Mozart will move there to try to make a living • Beethoven will also move there to study and live.
Haydn’s Symphonic Form • First movement - sonata allegro • Very often, no second theme but rather a restatement of the original theme in the new key • The “closing section” after theme 2 is sometimes a new theme
Haydn’s Symphonic Form • Second movement • Very commonly the Minuet & Trio, rather than the slow movement
Haydn’s Symphonic Form • Third movement is often a Minuet and Trio • The minuet is not a stately dance piece, but a symphonic work using a triple meter • The trio often uses the woodwinds, which are commonly only support instruments
Haydn’s Symphonic Form • The Finale eventually became the “crowning glory” of a Haydn symphony • Commonly used folk or folklike themes. • He could satisfy the sophisticated listener as well as the common folk from which he came.
Haydn’s Symphonic Form • Finale - sonata rondo form. • The diagram for Rondo form is • ABACADABA etc.
Sonata Rondo Form • In Sonata Rondo form, the A section is heard in the tonic key at the beginning of the Development • AB AC AB • The A section is heard regularly and in the tonic key
Sonata Cycle • The four-movement plan found in symphonies. • Fast, Slow, Dance-like, Fast