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Ch 14 Social Reform

Ch 14 Social Reform. http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/17711-america-from-1853-to-1860-an-era-of-reform-video.htm. Second Great Awakening. Religious movement/revival in 1800’s Inspired people to become involved in missionary work & social reform. Temperance Movement.

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Ch 14 Social Reform

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  1. Ch 14 Social Reform http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/17711-america-from-1853-to-1860-an-era-of-reform-video.htm

  2. Second Great Awakening • Religious movement/revival in 1800’s • Inspired people to become involved in missionary work & social reform

  3. Temperance Movement • People encouraged to drink moderately • Cause: 2nd Great Awakening, break-up of families, poverty, crime • Result: Some states banned sale/manufacture of alcohol (prohibition)

  4. Women’s Rights Movement • #1 goal – suffrage (meaning = right to vote for women) • Elizabeth Stanton and Susan B. Anthony = “suffragists” (seeking the right to vote) • Most women in early women’s movement were Quakers. (Quakers believed in equal rights.) • 1848 women organized Seneca Falls Convention – this meeting marked the beginning of women’s rights movement.

  5. William Lloyd Garrison • Encouraged growth of anti-slavery movement • 1st white abolitionist to call for the IMMEDIATE AND COMPLETE emancipation of enslaved people • Created “American Antislavery Society” in 1832 • Paper – “Liberator”

  6. Frederick Douglass • Famous African American Abolitionist • Born slave and escaped from slavery 1838 • Captured and returned to slavery • Joined “Anti-Slave Society: • Powerful speaker against slavery

  7. Harriet Tubman • Escaped from slavery • Most famous conductor of underground railroad • Went back to south 19 times to help approx. 300 slaves escape • Known as “Moses of her people”

  8. Underground Railroad • Network of safe house (south to north)

  9. Sojourner Truth • “new name” she gave herself after escaping slavery (meaning = day she walked into the light of God’s truth) • Advocate of both abolition and women’s movement • Once a slave in NY. NY banned slavery in 1827.

  10. Seneca Falls Convention • Wrote “Declaration of Sentiments & Resolutions” (Similar to Declaration of Indep) • Listed women’s grievances against men • Goal = end all laws that discriminated against women • #1 goal = suffrage = extend the right to vote to women (19th Amendment – 1920 –women got right to vote)

  11. Uncle Tom’s Cabin • Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe • Re: injustices of slavery (how bad slavery really was) • Stowe was a transcendalists = meaning she stressed the importance of following one’s innner voice (conscience) and breaking the bonds of prejudice

  12. Dorthea Dix • Fought against “mentally ill” being locked up in jail • Advocate for persons with mental disability

  13. Horace Mann • Leader of education reform • Lengthened school year to 6 months • Improved school curriculum • Doubled teacher’s salaries • Developed better methods to train teachers

  14. Public Education By 1850 – all states • School – free and supported by taxes • Teachers should be trained • Children should be required to attend school (“compulsory education”)

  15. Utopian Societies New Harmony – Indiana • Communal life • Celibacy • No individual possessions • 1814: 700 members

  16. Oneida Community (New York) • Believed in “complex marriages” (married to the group/not one person) • Communal property, meals, & raising/discipline children • 1874: 270 members

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