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Social Studies Unit 3: Ancient Egypt

Social Studies Unit 3: Ancient Egypt. The Geography. The Red Land was the barren desert that protected Egypt on two sides. The Black Land was the fertile land on the banks of the Nile. A View of Egypt by Satellite. The Fertile Nile Valley. The Annual Flooding of the Nile.

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Social Studies Unit 3: Ancient Egypt

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  1. Social Studies Unit 3: Ancient Egypt

  2. The Geography The Red Land was the barren desert that protected Egypt on two sides. The Black Land was the fertile land on the banks of the Nile

  3. A View of Egypt by Satellite

  4. The Fertile Nile Valley

  5. The Annual Flooding of the Nile

  6. Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf

  7. Ancient Egyptian History

  8. Menes: Unifier of Upper & Lower Egypt 3050 B. C. E. -Pharaoh & a founding father of ancient Egypt

  9. Ancient Egyptian Housing Middle Class Homes Peasant Homes

  10. Scenes of Ancient EgyptianDaily Life

  11. Making Ancient Egyptian Beer

  12. Making Ancient Egyptian Wine

  13. An Egyptian Woman’s “Must-Haves” Mirror Perfume Whigs

  14. Egyptian Social Hierarchy

  15. Some Famous Egyptian Pharaohs Tutankhamon1336-1327 B. C. E. Thutmose III1504-1450 B. C. E. Ramesses II1279-1212 B. C. E.

  16. Hatshepsut • The first woman pharaoh • Responsible for increasing trade and spreading the Egyptian influence • Built a beautiful temple at Thebes

  17. Thutmose III • Became pharaoh after Hatshepsut died • Became wealthy from taxes paid by those conquered • Organized a navy, won victories all over Asia

  18. Thutmose III cont… • Considered military genius by historians • An active expansionist ruler… 16 raids in 20 yrs • 350 cities • First Pharaoh after Thutmose I to cross the Euphrates • Transformed Egypt into an international superpower (Syria to Canaan and Nubia). • Preferred tactic–subdue weaker city one at a time • Enemies were defeated town by town

  19. Tutankhamon (King Tut)1336-1327 B. C. E. • Became pharaoh at nine • Most famous pharaoh • Well known due to tomb found in 1922 by Howard Carter & Lord Carnarvon (in V. of K.) • Died at age 18 • Some theories suggest he was murdered, Nat Geog. suggests infection from broken leg…..?? • Tomb had a curse

  20. Tutankhamon (King Tut)1336-1327 B. C. E. • Curse created a frenzy of the news press due to tablet saying.. “Death will slay with his wings whoever disturbs the peace of the pharaoh” • “Let the hand raised against my form be withered! Let them be destroyed who attack my name, my foundation, my effigies, the images like unto me!” • 26 people present at the opening of the tomb, 6 had died. • 22 people present at the opening of the sarcophagus, 2 died. • 10 people present at the unwrapping of Tut's mummy, none died. • Tut’s trumpet

  21. Ikhnaton • Became pharaoh in 1372 B.C. • Believed the sun god, Aton, was the only god • Took power away from the priests and built new temples • His wife, Nefertiti, and Ikhnaton gave gifts to Aton so his rays of sun would shine

  22. Ramesses II1279-1212 B. C. E. • Often regarded as the greatest, most celebrated, and most powerful pharaoh of the Egyptian Empire • Wielded military power taking Nubia and Canaan • Recorded first peace treaty (in hieroglyphs & Akkadian) with the Hittites • RamessesII Battles Nubia

  23. OLD KINGDOM Thought the pharaohs were gods with complete control Thought only the pharaoh would live forever Pharaohs were buried in pyramids NEW KINGDOM Thought the pharaohs shared their powers with other officials Thought all people would live forever They mummified all people and buried them in tombs in the cliffs Old Kingdom vs. Middle Kingdom

  24. Strong pharaohs ruled, with control of the people of Egypt Strong army Egyptian influence spread down into Africa Schools were built Religion changed Money was spent to build temples, palaces, and statues in the capital city of Thebes The New Kingdom1600 B.C.

  25. Egyptian Nobility

  26. Egyptian Priestly Class

  27. Egyptian Scribe

  28. Papyrus  Paper Hieratic Scroll Piece Papyrus Plant

  29. Egyptian Math & Draftsmenship What number is this?

  30. Champollion & the Rosetta Stone

  31. Hieroglyphic “Cartouche”

  32. Hieroglyphics “Alphabet” 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic symbols

  33. Egyptian Creation Myth The Goddess Nut

  34. Egyptian Gods & Goddesses:“The Sacred ‘Trinity’” Osiris Isis Horus

  35. Preparations for the Underworld ANUBIS weighs the dead person’s heart against a feather. Priests protected your KA, or soul-spirit

  36. Materials Used in Mummification 1. Linen 6. Natron2. Sawdust 7. Onion3. Lichen 8. Nile Mud4. Beeswax 9. Linen Pads5. Resin 10. Frankinsense

  37. Preparation for the Afterlife

  38. Egyptian Mummies Ramses II1279-1212 B. C. E. Seti I1291-1278 B. C. E. Queen Tiye, wife of Amenhotep II1210-1200 B. C. E.

  39. Journey to the Underworld The dead travel on the “Solar Bark.” A boat for the journey is provided for a dead pharaoh in his tomb.

  40. Egyptian Book of the Dead

  41. The Final Judgement Anubis Horus Osiris

  42. Shabtis: The Pharaoh’s Servants in the Afterlife

  43. Stepped Pyramid at Saqqara

  44. “Bent” Pyramid of King Sneferu

  45. Giza Pyramid Complex

  46. Plan of the Great Pyramid of Khufu

  47. The Valley of the Kings

  48. Archaeologist, Howard Carter (1922)

  49. Entrance to King “Tut’s” Tomb

  50. King Tutankhamon’s Death Mask 1336-1327 B. C. E.

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