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SMJ 4222 Instrumentation (02 & 07)

SMJ 4222 Instrumentation (02 & 07). Dr Intan Zaurah Mat Darus. Dr Intan Zaurah Mat Darus C23-226, Ext. 34693 intan@fkm.utm.my intanmd@yahoo.co.uk 016 7616716. Lecture 1 Introduction to measurement and instrumentation. What is measurement?. Measurement Standards and Units.

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SMJ 4222 Instrumentation (02 & 07)

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  1. SMJ 4222 Instrumentation (02 & 07) Dr Intan Zaurah Mat Darus

  2. Dr Intan Zaurah Mat Darus C23-226, Ext. 34693 intan@fkm.utm.my intanmd@yahoo.co.uk 016 7616716

  3. Lecture 1 Introduction to measurement and instrumentation

  4. What is measurement?

  5. Measurement Standards and Units Measuring system are composed of different elements and condition therefore it needs norms and standards 3 unit systems widely used-International System (SI), CGS System, English System Basic units - length, time, mass, temperature Derived units –area, volume, acceleration, force

  6. International System of Units (SI) Base quantity Name Symbol SI base unit length meter m mass kilogram       kg time second s electric current ampere A thermodynamic temperature       kelvin K amount of substance mole mol luminous intensity candela cd The SI is founded on seven SI base units for seven base quantities assumed to be mutually independent, as given in Table 1.

  7. Name Derived units Symbol SI base unit area square meter m2 volume cubic meter       m3 velocity meter per second m/s acceleration Meter per second squared m/s-2 force m·kg·s-2 N pressure m-1·kg·s-2 Pa work m2·kg·s-2 Joule Derived Units - defined in terms of the seven base quantities via a system of quantity equations. Examples are:

  8. What is instrumentation?

  9. Automotive Sensors Accelerometer Oxygen Sensor Airflow Sensor Oil Pressure CO Sensor Water Temperature

  10. The need for measurement and instrumentation In industrial application, it is important for: 1) monitoring and control of a process 2) improving the quality of the product and efficiency of production 3) Safety purposes

  11. Laser Sensor

  12. Laser sensor

  13. A/D Converter Transducer Display Signal conditioner Typical Instrumentation System • Transducer - converts the measured value into another useful value (a sensor) • Signal conditioner- “conditions” the signal from the sensor • A/D Converter - changes the signal into a digital format • Computer - processes, displays, and records the signal

  14. Sensor • Thermocouple • Resistance thermometer input output Thermocouple temperature e.m.f input output Resistance thermometer temperature Resistance change

  15. Signal conditioner • Amplifier • Wheatstone bridge input output Amplifier Small e.m.f Larger voltage input Wheatstone bridge Amplifier Voltage change Larger voltage change Resistance change

  16. Display • Scale • Computer input output scale movement of pointer current change input output DAS VDU analog signal digital signal readings

  17. Temperature Control The Control System sets the current supplied to the heating elements in the furnace to keep the material temperature at the desired (setpoint) value. Furnace and Material Control System Temperature Sensor Desired Temperature

  18. h Water level system

  19. Assignment Identify the elements for the pressure measurement system i.e. : transducer, signal conditioner, display POINTER SCALE

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