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CHROMOSOMES AND CELL REPRODUCTION

Learn about chromosomes, cell reproduction in humans, mitosis, the cell cycle, genetic information, and the implications of mutations such as cancer. Discover the stages of cell division and key terms associated with cellular processes.

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CHROMOSOMES AND CELL REPRODUCTION

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  1. CHROMOSOMES AND CELL REPRODUCTION

  2. About 2 trillion cells are produced by you every day Per second? About 25 million Egg/Sperm  “Zygote” Embryo  Fetus  Baby

  3. “Cell Division” “Cell Reproduction”

  4. THE CELL CYCLE = sequence of growth and division - Interphase - Mitosis 2 Stages?

  5. G1

  6. S DNA Replication Exact copies of Chromosomes **DNA must be copied then distributed

  7. DNA Gene= a segment of DNA that codes for a protein Gene Genes  You

  8. Chromosome DNA Gene Chromosome = consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins

  9. Single? 46 # Pairs? 23 “Somatic cells” (body cells) HUMANS

  10. Why pairs? Diploid = 2n Mom Dad Gene   Gene Gene   Gene Pair 1-22 = Autosomes Gene   Gene Gene   Gene Pair 23 = Sex Chromosomes

  11. Human 46 Molecules that aid? G1? End of S? Enzymes 92

  12. G2 Growth/Prep for Mitosis “Centrioles” “Centrioles”

  13. MITOSIS Acronym? PMAT Phases? Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis

  14. 92 PMAT 46 46 Cytokinesis 46 46

  15. Chromosome  DNA pairs find “partner” = Sister Chromatids Sister Chromatids  “Homologous Chromosomes”

  16. M P Pairs? 46 T A  

  17. YouTube - Mitosis

  18. CYTOKINESIS Animal Plant “Cleavage Furrow” “Cell Plate”

  19. Daughter Cells go? Interphase

  20. 3 1 Prophase Anaphase 4 Telophase Which? 2 Metaphase 5 Interphase

  21. Control of the Cell Cycle 90% time in Interphase Feedback signals – “red/green light” Controlled by proteins

  22. Cancer = uncontrolled growth/division of cells If gene that contains info for cell growth/division is mutated = Cell growth/division unregulated

  23. Tumor • = a mass of abnormal cells. “benign tumor” “malignant tumor” • Metastasis • (start more tumors) Therapy? Radiation therapy Chemotherapy with toxic drugs. Mammograms 

  24. END

  25. How many cells are in a phase represents how long the phase is

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