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WEED IDENTIFICATION. TRI-CO. YOUNG FARMERS MARCH 7, 2002. Original Power Point Created by Joey Wells. Modified by Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office June 2002. WHAT IS A WEED?. A weed is a plant out of place. WHAT EFFECTS DO WEEDS HAVE ON US TODAY?.
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WEED IDENTIFICATION TRI-CO. YOUNG FARMERS MARCH 7, 2002 Original Power Point Created by Joey Wells Modified by Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office June 2002
WHAT IS A WEED? A weed is a plant out of place.
WEEDS LOWER THE YIELD OF CROPS - • COMPETE FOR WATER, NUTRIENTS, LIGHT, AND SPACE. • ONE WILD MUSTARD PLANT USES AS MUCH N & P AS TWO OAT PLANTS • ONE PIGWEED PLANT MAY USE AS MUCH WATER AS A CORN PLANT
WEEDS LOWER THE QUALITY OF CROPS - • WEEDS AFFECT THE QUALITY OF HAY AND GRAIN USED FOR LIVESTOCK • MILK WILL TASTE LIKE WILD GARLIC OR BITTER SNEEZEWEED IF EATEN • WEEDS CAN STAIN THE LINT OF COTTON
WEEDS INTERFERE WITH CROP HARVEST - • CAUSES DELAYS AND GREATER HARVEST LOSS. • GRAIN MAY NEED DRYING IF HEAVILY INFESTED BY WEEDS
THERE ARE FOUR TYPES OF WEEDS BASED ON THEIR LIFE CYCLE • SUMMER ANNUALS • WINTER ANNUALS • BIENNIALS • PERENNIALS
SUMMER ANNUALS • GERMINATE IN THE SPRING AND DIE IN THE FALL AFTER THE FIRST FROST • SEEDS MATURE AND SCATTER • MOST LIE DORMANT UNTIL SPRING • EXAMPLES – MORNING GLORY, PIGWEED, COCKLEBUR, AND CRABGRASS
WINTER ANNUALS • GERMINATE IN THE FALL OR WINTER • PRODUCE SEED IN THE EARLY SUMMER AND THEN DIE • SEEDS LIE DORMANT DURING THE SUMMER MONTHS • EXAMPLES – WILD MUSTARD, CHICKWEED, AND HENBIT
BIENNIALS • PRODUCE VEGETATIVELY FROM SEED THE FIRST SEASON • BECOME DORMANT OVER THE WINTER • PRODUCE FLOWERS AND SEED THE SECOND SEASON • EXAMPLES – MUSK THISTLE, WILD CARROT, AND COMMON MULLEIN
PERENNIALS • LIVE FOR THREE OR MORE YEARS • MOST PRODUCE SEED EACH YEAR AFTER ESTABLISHMENT • DIVIDED INTO THREE CLASSES ON THE BASIS OF REPRODUCTION • SIMPLE PERENNIAL • BULBOUS PERENNIAL • CREEPING PERENNIAL
SIMPLE PERENNIAL • REPRODUCE PRIMARILY BY SEED • EXAMPLE - DANDELION
BULBOUS PERENNIAL • PROPAGATE BY BULBS OR BULBLETS AS WELL AS BY SEED • EXAMPLES – WILD ONION AND WILD GARLIC
CREEPING PERENNIAL • PROPAGATE BY MEANS OF RHIZOMES (UNDERGROUND STEMS), STOLONS (ABOVE GROUND STEMS), OR SPREADING ROOTS OR TUBERS, AS WELL AS BY SEED. • EXAMPLES – JOHNSONGRASS > RHIZOMES AND SEED; BERMUDA GRASS > RHIZOMES, STOLONS, SEED
