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Drowning. Risk Reduction and Prevention. Drowning. Three main factors are involved in drowning incidents, acting either alone or in combination: Alcohol Insufficient skill Cold water immersion. Drowning. Drowning victims are usually young, male Where do most drownings occur?
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Drowning Risk Reduction and Prevention
Drowning • Three main factors are involved in drowning incidents, acting either alone or in combination: • Alcohol • Insufficient skill • Cold water immersion
Drowning • Drowning victims are usually young, male • Where do most drownings occur? • Bodies of water • At home – bathtubs and swimming pools • Most drownings take place (predictably) in the summer months.
Drowning Prevention • Swimming skills • Supervision • Barriers against trespass (not 100% effective) • Account for pre-existing illnesses or conditions • Use swimming aids
Rules for Swimming • Never swim alone or unobserved • Never dive in unfamiliar waters • Follow same precautions for drinking/driving • Follow rules of the pool or beach • Learn to swim
Countermeasures for Injury Control • Drown proofing – limitations • H.E.L.P. • HUDDLE • Clothing in water? Keep them on! • “Reach, throw, row, and go.” • Submerged automobile?
If your car is still afloat Release your seat belt (but not until you land. You won't survive the sinking car if you have not first survived the accident that put you in the water.) Undo the door locks. Get any passengers out of their belts and ready to escape. Roll down the windows. Get any children out the window first. Follow them out. Opening the door is a last resort. Open it only if you cannot, for some reason, get a window down.
If the car is submerged • There will be pressure on the door and windows, making it almost impossible to push the doors open. • Air will be present for several minutes • Roll down window and exit quickly • May have to break glass
Countermeasures for Injury Control • PFD’s – personal flotation devices • Help keep people afloat and face up out of water • Help lessen the likelihood of hypothermia if HELP is used • An absolute MUST for nonswimmers, but should be utilized for anyone in unfamiliar waters • Five types: I, II, III, IV, and V
Boating Safety • Capsizing and Sinking • Collision • Falling overboard • Rules (especially if water is cold) • Stay with boat unless shore is very close • Reduce activity • H.E.L.P. or Huddle
Boat Safety Tips • Have a “boat plan” – let someone know what you’re doing • Know boating “rules of the road” • Make sure someone else on board can operate the boat
Boat Safety Tips • Have appropriate safety equipment on board • Have PFD’s on board and insist that people use them • Don’t abuse alcohol