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Ancient China

Ancient China. Lao Tzu. Began Taoism Taught about living in harmony with nature Tao=the way Emphasizes non-action. Confucius. Born poor and vowed to end suffering and bring peace Pushed education as the meaning of life “noble deeds, not noble birth bestowed honor”

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Ancient China

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  1. Ancient China

  2. Lao Tzu • Began Taoism • Taught about living in harmony with nature • Tao=the way • Emphasizes non-action

  3. Confucius • Born poor and vowed to end suffering and bring peace • Pushed education as the meaning of life • “noble deeds, not noble birth bestowed honor” • He died and later his teaching changed China

  4. Legalism • A highly efficient and powerful government is the key to social order • Punishments are useful to maintain social order • Thinkers and their ideas should be strictly controlled by the governments

  5. Mandate of Heaven • Believed rulers were chosen by the Gods • A wicked of foolish king could lose their Mandate of Heaven and lose their right to rule. • Became central to the Chinese government • Floods, riots, and other disasters might be signs that the ancestor spirits were displeased with the King’s rule.

  6. Shang • Huang River Region • Bordering the Yellow Sea in the North • Tang was the leader • 40,000 sq. miles

  7. Shang • Created a Bureaucracy- a government organized into different levels and tasks • Economy • Agriculture- Rice and Millet, pigs, horses, • Some merchants and aristans

  8. Shang Calendar • Was created one of two ways • 1. Based on the sun • 2. Based on the movements of the moon. This was mainly used for special occasions such as birthdays and deaths.

  9. Religion • Animism- the belief that spirits inhabit everything • Gods of wind, sun, clouds, and man • Shangdi- A great god who controlled human destiny and the forces of nature • Oracle Bones- The shoulder of cattle or tortoise shells used for writing on

  10. Fall of the Shang • People came to the region mainly because they were attracted to the wealth. • The Zhou formed Alliances with other local tribes • They said that the Shang were corrupt and unfit to rule

  11. Zhou • No centralized government • Gave territory to members of the royal family to control • When rebels overthrow the government they said it was because the mandate of heaven

  12. Qin Dynasty • Shi Huangdi- Mean “first emperor” • Expanded Territory • Victories doubled the size of China • Against Confucius and Lao Tzu’s Philosophies • Also had feudalism

  13. Qin Dynasty • Shi Huangdi quickly put down any revolts against him • Ordered all Noble families to live at the capital city, so he could watch over them • Murdered 100’s of Confucian scholars and ordered useless books to be burned.

  14. Qin Dynasty • Develop and Autocracy-A government in which the ruler has unlimited power • Forced peasants to work on roads against their will • Set uniform standards, writing, laws, currency and measurements • This allowed for trade to blossom

  15. Great Wall of China • 14,000 miles long • From the Yellow Sea in the East to the Gobi Desert in the West • Enemies would have to travel ½ way to Tabiet • Forced Peasants to work on the wall • Many died while working on the wall

  16. Shi Haungdi • Died in 210 B.C • Created the Terracotta army to protect him in the afterlife

  17. Fall of the Qin • After Shi Haughdi died in 210 B.C. his son took over, and proved to be a weak leader. • Peasants rebelled just three years after the second Qin Emperor took office • One of the leaders, a peasant from the land of Han, Marched his troops into the capital city • The harsh Qin Dynasty gave way to the Han Dynasty

  18. HAN Dynasty • Two Powerful rulers – Xiang Yu and Liu Bang (Born a peasant) • Eventually Liu Bang turned against Xiang Yu • Liu Bang won and declared himself the first emperor of the Han Dynasty • Strong Centralized government • He did however, lower taxes and softened harsh punishments • China became a Confucian state

  19. Silk Road • Connected China to Western Europe • Traded goods such as silk, spices, gold, and silver • Caused cultural diffusion • Learned about foods, animals, and fashions that were common in foreign lands

  20. Han Technology • Paper= Education • Collar harness • Plows with 2 blades • Improved Iron Tools • Began to use water mills to grind grain • Built more roads • Added on to the Great wall of China

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