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Imperialism in China

Imperialism in China. I. European trade increases. British take the lead China (Qing Dynasty) begins a period of declining power while west increases British open more ports for trade—silks, tea, spices, porcelain British in China want British justice

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Imperialism in China

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  1. Imperialism in China

  2. I. European trade increases • British take the lead • China (Qing Dynasty) begins a period of declining power while west increases • British open more ports for trade—silks, tea, spices, porcelain • British in China want British justice • Opium—British grow opium in India, trade it in China • Manchu emperor orders opium trade stopped • British and Chinese merchants ignore law • 1838—Lin Ze Xu burned crates of foreign opium, wrote letter to Queen Victoria; British respond

  3. I. European trade increases • The First Opium War 1839-1842 • British sent warships and Chinese are easily defeated • Treaty of Nanking • British get trading rights, new ports, payments, Hong Kong, and extraterritoriality • The Second Opium War 1856-1860 • Legal to import opium to China • Wars left legacy of bitterness and mistrust between East and West

  4. II. Resistance to change • Reform Movements—Taiping Rebellion • Sparked by poverty and government corruption • Wanted to end the Qing dynasty • Hong Xiuquan—believed he was related to Jesus • Attacked Chinese government; wanted to create “Taiping”, or Great Peace • Crushed after 14 years (1850-1864) • Started a debate over change in China • “Self strengthening movement” • Empress Ci Xi • Ruled from 1862-1908 • Usually resisted change and held to Confucian ideals • Later began to accept reforms

  5. III. Mistreatment of China • Sino-Japanese War—1895 • Japan defeats China, gains Taiwan • Western nations plan to divide China • Leases on ports—Russia, Germany, Britain, France • Spheres of Influence • United States calls for Open Door Policy • 100 Days of Reform

  6. IV. The Boxer Rebellion • Boxers • aka Righteous Harmonious Fists • Called Boxers by Westerners who see them train • Supported Empress Ci Xi and resisted change • Resisted western influence • Wanted to rid China of westerners • Attacked and murdered westerners in China • Lasted from 1899-1903

  7. IV. The Boxer Rebellion • Punishment by the West • British, French, German and American troops put down the rebellion • Boxers defeated, China pays for damages • Nationalism grew • Reforms • China begins to modernize with foreign money • Women in schools • Industry—shipping, mining,

  8. V. Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-sen) • Yixian wanted to end the dynasty, establish a republic, and ensure economic security • Western educated • Established the Revolutionary Alliance • Three principles of the people • Nationalism—freedom from West • Democracy • Livelihood • After Ci Xi dies, chaos ensues • Yixian is named President in 1911

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