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Impact of Imperialism in China: From Opium Wars to Revolution

Explore the effects of imperialism in China, from the Opium Wars to the Taiping Rebellion, Boxer Rebellion, and Chinese Revolution. Learn about the struggle against outside influences and the country's evolution as it faced internal and external challenges. Follow the significant events that shaped China's history and influenced its path towards modernization and change.

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Impact of Imperialism in China: From Opium Wars to Revolution

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  1. Imperialism in China Mr. Westfall’s World Studies

  2. Traditional China • Able to resist outside influence due to self-sufficiency • Agriculture (rice, maize, sweet potatoes, peanuts) • Mining (salt, tin, silver, iron, ore) • Manufacturing (silks, cottons, porcelain) • Trade was accepted in one port city but the balance of trade was in the Chinese favor $(exported more than imported)$

  3. OPIUM! • Europeans wanted tea • So they needed a product that would appeal to the Chinese (found in India) • Opium was traditionally used for medicinal purposes only • By 1835 as many as 12 million Chinese people were addicted to the drug

  4. Opium War 1839 • The Qing Emperor requests to end the opium trade went unanswered • The result was a clash between the British and Chinese mainly fought at sea • The Chinese outdated ships were no match for the British steam powered iron hulled ships

  5. Treaty of Nanjing 1842 • Ended the Opium Wars • Gave Britain Hong Kong • Opened five ports to foreign trade and extraterritorial rights • Resentment from the Chinese people towards the outsiders and Chinese gov’t

  6. Growing Problems • The new food introduced by the outside world cause a large population growth • 430 million in 1850 up 30% in 60 years • Food production did not increase as fast as the population • Opium addiction still on the rise • Failures in the Opium Wars also contributed • So what do you think this all leads to???

  7. Taiping Rebellion • Lasted from 1850-1864 • Hong Xiuquan said the Chinese people could share China’s vast wealth and no one would live in poverty • The Taiping army would take a small portion of land • But would lose to Imperial, British and French troops in 1864 • At least 20 million people died

  8. Boxer Rebellion 1899 • Led by the “Society of Harmonious Fists” • In response to: • Loss in the Sino-Japanese War • US Open Door Policy (use to protect US interest) • Growing European influence in China (Sphere of Influence) • Mixed feeling about changes in society by the Gov’t (Self-strengthening movement) • An army consisting of GB, France, Russia, Japan and US put down the Rebellion in 1900

  9. China • 1911 Chinese Revolution • Republic (Sun Yixian) • Nationalism • Democracy • Livelihood • Guomindang – Chinese Nationalists Party • Split into socialists/Communists and Conservatives • 1921 CCP Created • Anti-Western Warlords • Soviet Union

  10. China • 1927 Chinese Civil War Begins • Nationalists (Kaishek) • Communists (Zedong) • 1934 The Long March • Mao Zedong • Red Army • Nationalists policies backfire • 1937 Communists and Nationalists make a truce to fight Japanese

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