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The Implicit Self. Implicit vs. Explicit Attitudes. Explicit attitudes are formed by consciously thinking about an issue. Thus, we are consciously aware of these attitudes. Implicit attitudes are formed through associations (conditioning). Thus, we are often unaware of these attitudes.
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Implicit vs. Explicit Attitudes • Explicit attitudes are formed by consciously thinking about an issue. Thus, we are consciously aware of these attitudes. • Implicit attitudes are formed through associations (conditioning). Thus, we are often unaware of these attitudes.
Implicit Self-Esteem Measures: • Implicit Association Test (IAT) • Name letter test
Increasing implicit SE through conditioning (Baccus et al., 2004) • Experimental group: Repeated pairing of self-relevant words and approving faces. • Control group: Random pairing of words with faces. • Results: At end of experiment • Exp group had higher implicit SE • Exp group/High explicit SE led to less aggressive thoughts.
Implicit Activation of Independent vs. Interdependent Self • Judgments of similarity • “We” primes lead to inc. similarity perceptions. • Social comparison effects • “I” primes lead to contrast • “We” primes lead to assimilation • Interpersonal closeness • “We” primes lead to increased closeness
