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Students with Learning Disabilities. Reading. Dyslexia. Severe difficulty learning to read Behavioral manifestations of central nervous system deficits or dysfunctions, genetic or inherited causation, maturational lag, and inability to learn to read through general classroom methods.
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Dyslexia • Severe difficulty learning to read • Behavioral manifestations of central nervous system deficits or dysfunctions, genetic or inherited causation, maturational lag, and inability to learn to read through general classroom methods
Causes of Dyslexia • Phonological Deficit • Naming-speed Deficit • Orthographic Deficit
Organization of Reading Skills • Text Comprehension • Language factors • Experiences • Decoding • Fluency • Strategies
Development of Reading Skills • Stage 0: Prereading • Stage 1: Initial Reading or Decoding • Stage 2: Confirmation, Fluency, and Ungluing from Print • Stage 3: Reading for Learning the New • Stage 4: Multiple Viewpoints • Stage 5: Construction and Reconstruction
Assessment of Reading Skills • Standardized Tests • Achievement and reading survey tests • Diagnostic tests • Criterion-Referenced Tests • Informal Assessment
Informal Assessment • Graded word lists • Informal reading inventory • Curriculum-based measurement • Portfolio assessment • Reading miscue analysis • Cloze procedure • Teacher-made tests
Consensus in Reading Research • Phonemic Awareness • Phonics • Fluency • Vocabulary Instruction • Comprehension
Teaching Reading Skills • Code-Emphasis Approach • Meaning-Emphasis Approach
Developmental Reading Approaches • Basal Reading • Phonics • Whole Language
Remedial Reading Programs and Methods • Reading Mastery and Corrective Reading Program • Phonological Awareness Training • Multisensory Reading Method • Fernauld method • Gillingham method • Neurological Impress Method
Teaching Strategies in Reading • Keyword Method • Reciprocal Teaching • Mapping Strategies
Reading and Study Skills for Adolescents • Reading Rate • Study Skills • Learning Strategies • DISSECT • SCROL