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SCIENCE

6 Chapter. SCIENCE. COMBUSTION AND FLAME. Presented By :-- B.Kiran Kumar (TGT BIO). COMBUSTION AND FLAME. Combustion :- The chemical reaction in which substances combines with oxygen and produce heat and light is called Combustion .

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SCIENCE

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  1. 6Chapter SCIENCE COMBUSTION AND FLAME Presented By :-- B.Kiran Kumar (TGT BIO)

  2. COMBUSTION AND FLAME Combustion:- The chemical reaction in which substances combines with oxygen and produce heat and light is calledCombustion. Combustible :- The substances which catch fire and produce heat and light are called Combustible.

  3. Smoldering combustion : Smoldering combustion Smoldering is the slow, low-temperature, flameless form of combustion, sustained by the heat evolved when oxygen directly attacks the surface of a condensed-phase fuel. Solid materials that can sustain a smoldering reaction include coal, cellulose, wood . Rapid combustion:Rapid combustion Rapid combustion is a form of combustion, otherwise known as a fire, in which large amounts of heat and light energy are released, which often results in a flame. This is used in a form of machinery such as internal combustion engines .

  4. Turbulent combustion: Turbulent combustion Combustion resulting in a turbulent flame is the most used for industrial application (e.g. gas turbines, gasoline engines, etc.) because the turbulence helps the mixing process between the fuel and oxidizer . Microgravity : Microgravity Combustion processes behave differently in a microgravity environment than in Earth-gravity conditions due to the lack of buoyancy. For example, a candle's flame takes the shape of a sphere .

  5. Inflammable substances::-The substances which have very low ignition temperature and can easily catch fire with a flame are called Inflammable substances . Rapid combustion:- We find that the gas burns rapidly and produces heat and light . Such combustion is know as rapid combustion. Spontaneous combustion:- The types of combustion in which a material suddenly burst into flames, without the application to any apparent cause is calledSpontaneous combustion.

  6. FLAME:FLAME A flame is the visible (light-emitting), gaseous part of a fire. It is caused by a highly exothermic reaction taking place in a thin zone . If a fire is hot enough to ionize the gaseous components, it can become a plasma.

  7. Fill The Table

  8. NonCombustiblesubstances:- The substances which do not catch fire and could not give heat , light are called non-combustible substances. Fuel:-The substances that undergoes Combustion is said combustible. It also Know as Fuel. Ignition temperature:-The lowest temperature at which a substances catches fire is called its ignition temperature.

  9. LIQUID FUELS: LIQUID FUELS Combustion of a liquid fuel in an oxidizing atmosphere actually happens in the gas phase. It is the vapour that burns, not the liquid. Therefore, a liquid will normally catch fire only above a certain temperature: its flash point. SOLID FUELS: SOLID FUELS Solid fuel refers to various types of solid material that are used as fuel to produce energy and provide heating , oih sually released through combustion.Solid fuels include wood , charcoal, peat, coal, Hexamine fuel tablets, and pellets made from wood, corn, wheat , rye and other grains .

  10. Explosion:- A large amount of gas formed in the reaction in liberated. Such a reaction is called Explosion. Ideal Fuel:-There is probably no fuel that could be considered as an Ideal Fuel. Calorific value:- The amount of heat energy produced on complete combustion of 1kg of a fuel is called its Calorific value.

  11. The calorific value of a fuel is expressed in a unit called Kilojoule per kg. Acid rain:- Oxides of sulphur and nitrogen dissolve in rain water and form acids are called Acid rain.

  12. Main Points Water is commonly used to control fire. Water cannot be used to control fires involving electrical equipment or oils. There is various types of combustion such as rapid combustion, spontaneous combustion, explosion, etc. There are three different zones of a flame :- Dark Zone Luminous Zone Non-luminous Zone

  13. A ideal fuel is cheap, readily available, readily combustible and easy to transport . It has high calorific values. It does not produce gases or residues that pollute the environment. Fuel differ in their efficiency and cost. Unburnt carbon particles in air are dangerous pollutants causing respiratory problem . Incomplete combustion of a fuel gives poisonous carbon monoxide gas.

  14. Key Words ACID RAIN CALORIFIC VALUE COMBUSTION DEFORESTATION EXPLOSION FLAME FIRE EXTINGUISHER IDEAL FULE IGNITION TEMPERATURE INFLAMMABLE TEMPERATURE GLOBAL WARMING

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