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Warm Up

Warm Up. Set up table of contents page for 16 and 17 Pick up one of each of the papers on the overhead Get out a scrap sheet of paper Copy down homework http://www.hulu.com/watch/134660. Chapter 16 pt. 1: Perspectives on Psychological Disorders and Anxiety. Defining Psychological Disorder.

howard-stevenson
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Warm Up

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  1. Warm Up • Set up table of contents page for 16 and 17 • Pick up one of each of the papers on the overhead • Get out a scrap sheet of paper • Copy down homework • http://www.hulu.com/watch/134660

  2. Chapter 16 pt. 1: Perspectives on Psychological Disorders and Anxiety

  3. Defining Psychological Disorder • A Psychological Disorder is: • a “harmful dysfunction” in which behavior is judged to be: 1. atypical- not enough in itself 2. disturbing- varies with time & culture 3. maladaptive- harmful; causes suffering 4. unjustifiable- sometimes there’s a good reason

  4. History of Understanding Psychological Disorders • In Ancient times, disorders were thought to have been caused by movements of the sun and moon (lunacy is full moon) or by evil spirits. • Treatments for people with mental illness were very inhumane even up until the mid 1900’s. Patients were often chained like animals, beaten, burned, castrated, etc.

  5. Conditions for Psychologically Disabled European Traphines “released evil spirits.” Ancient Greek Traphines

  6. Conditions for Psychologically Disabled

  7. Conditions for Psychologically Disabled

  8. Conditions for Psychologically Disabled

  9. Medical Model Improves Conditions • Eventually the medical model came to dominate understandings of mental illness. • Late 1800s • The medical model assumes that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed based on their symptoms and be treated and in most cases cured. • Assumption of medical model drastically improves conditions in mental hospitals.

  10. Perspectives on Psychological Disorders • What would Psychoanalytic psychologist argue as the cause? • Humanistic would view cause?

  11. Perspectives on Psychological Disorders • Cognitive? • Behavioral?

  12. Perspectives on Psychological Disorders • Biological? • Socio-Cultural?

  13. Biological (Evolution, individual genes, brain structures and chemistry) Psychological (Stress, trauma, learned helplessness, mood-related perceptions and memories) Sociocultural (Roles, expectations, definition of normality and disorder) Most Mental Health Professionals Assume Disorders Have Interlocking Causes • Bio-Psycho-Social Perspective: assume biological, psychological, and socio-cultural factors interact to produce disorders.

  14. Classifying Psychological Disorders • DSM-IV: the most widely used manual for classifying psychological disorders. • The DSM-IV currently lists 410 mental disorders up from 145 in the DSM-II (1968) and 60 in DSM-I (1951). • 17 categories • Does not explain causes • http://www.today.com/video/today/51915406#51915406

  15. DSM AXIS • Axis I: Clinical disorders, including major mental disorders, and learning disorders, Substance Use Disorders • Depression, Anxiety, bipolar, autism, anorexia • Axis II: Personality disorders and intellectual disabilities (although developmental disorders, such as Autism, were coded on Axis II in the previous edition, these disorders are now included on Axis I) • Axis III: Acute medical conditions and physical disorders • Brain injuries • Axis IV: Psychosocial and environmental factors contributing to the disorder • Axis V:Global Assessment of Functioning or Children's Global Assessment Scale for children and teens under the age of 18

  16. Classifying Neurotic vs. Psychotic Disorders • Neurotic disorder • usually distressing but that allows one to think rationally and function socially • Freud saw the neurotic disorders as ways of dealing with anxiety • Psychotic disorder • person loses contact with reality • experiences irrational ideas and distorted perceptions

  17. Pros and Cons of the DSM-IV and Labeling • Pros? • Reliable • Need a DSM diagnosis for insurance • Cons? • Almost any behavior can be labeled • Distorts how we perceive others • Prejudice • Self fulfilling prophecy

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