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Manifest Destiny. The 19 th century American belief that the United States was destined to expand across the North American Continent, from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
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Manifest Destiny The 19th century American belief that the United States was destined to expand across the North American Continent, from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
“Imbecile and distracted, Mexico never can exert any real governmental authority over such a country (California)…Already the advance guard of the irrestible army of Anglo-Saxon emigration has begun to pour down upon it, armed with the plough and the rifle, and marking its trail with schools and colleges, courts and representative halls, mills and meetinghouses…They will necessarily become independent…Their right to independence will be the natural right of self-government belonging to any community strong enough to maintain it….”
“If I were now the sovereign authority…I would prosecute this war for the express purpose of redeeming Mexico from misrule and civil strife…The priceless boom of civil and religious liberty has been confided to us as trustees…I would insist, if the war were to be prolonged for fifty years, and cost money enough to demand from us each year the half of all that we possess, I would still insist that the inestimable blessings of civil and religious liberty should be guaranteed to Mexico. We must not shrink from the solemn duty. We dare not shrink from it.”
“If the Creator had separated Texas from the union by mountain barriers, the Alps or the Andes, there might be plausible objections; but he has planed down the whole Mississippi Valley, including Texas, and united every atom of the soil and every drop of the waters of the mighty whole. He has linked their rivers with the great Mississippi, and marked and united the whole for the dominion of one government and the residence of one people.”
“There is another subject of the vast importance to the United States. Which will demand your particular attention. From information possessed by this department, it is to be seriously apprehended that both Great Britain and France have designs upon California…The possession of the bay and harbor of San Francisco is all important to the United States. The advantages to us of its acquisition are so striking that it would be a waste of time to enumerate them here. If all these should be turned against our country by the cession of California to Great Britain, our principal commercial rivals, the consequences would be most disastrous.”
“…There are important political considerations, which point to extension as one of the great measures of safety for our institutions. Wherever other evils betide us, we shall be free from the evils of a dense population, with scanty means of subsistence, and with no hope of advancement.”
“The great present value of this Territory has relation to the commerce and navigation of the Pacific Ocean. The whale fishery of this country requires safe stations and harbors on the Northwest coast.”
Manifest Destiny Territorial expansion of the United States is not only inevitable but divinely ordained.
Louisiana Purchase • Was made by what president? • Thomas Jefferson • In what year? • 1803 What country did we purchase it from? • France • How much did we pay? • $15 million
Florida • What country did we purchase it from? • Spain • How much did we pay? • $5 million • In what year? • 1819 .
Missouri Compromise • Issue: Slavery • Situation: There were 11 slave states and 11 free states. Admitting Missouri to the union would upset the balance of power in the Senate. • Resolution? • Missouri= Slave state • Maine = Free state • Above line = Free • Below Line = Slave • Effect? • Settled North/South disagreements over slavery until the Kansas Nebraska Act.
Annexation of Texas Leads to the Mexican War • Mexico signed a treaty giving Texas its independence in 1836. • In 1844 Congress voted to admit Texas to the union, despite opposition from Mexico. • A dispute over the western boundary of Texas sparks a war with Mexico.
Mexican Cession • During the Mexican War, U.S. forces marched into central Mexico and seized control of New Mexico and California. • In 1848 a treaty ended the war. Mexico surrendered a vast territory known as the Mexican Cession. The US agreed to pay Mexico $15 million for this land.
Compromise of 1850 • Issue: Slavery • California would be admitted as a free state. • New Mexico is divided into 2 territories, with the residents of each territory allowed to vote on whether to allow slavery. • What did we call this? • Popular Sovereignty
Gadsden Purchase • Land purchased by the United States from Mexico in 1853. • Purchased for $10 million
Kansas Nebraska Act • Issue: Slavery • Kansas and Nebraska Territories = popular sovereignty. • Bleeding Kansas • What earlier land compromise does this the Kansas-Nebraska Act repeal? • Missouri Compromise
Alaska • 1867- US purchases Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million. • 1959- Alaska gains statehood as our 49th state.
Hawaii • On June 14, 1900, Hawaii became a U.S. territory, making all its citizens U.S. citizens. • Hawaii is granted statehood in 1959 after 50 years of campaigning for statehood status.
