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David Z. Hambrick, Michael J.Kane, and Randall W.Engle

The Role of Working Memory in Higher-Level Cognition Domain-Specific versus Domain-General Perspectives. David Z. Hambrick, Michael J.Kane, and Randall W.Engle. Introduction. Working Memory. Working Memory, 1992, Baddeley. Working Memory and language, 2003, Baddeley.

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David Z. Hambrick, Michael J.Kane, and Randall W.Engle

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  1. The Role of Working Memory in Higher-Level CognitionDomain-Specific versus Domain-General Perspectives David Z. Hambrick, Michael J.Kane, and Randall W.Engle

  2. Introduction • Working Memory Working Memory, 1992, Baddeley Working Memory and language, 2003, Baddeley

  3. An Individual-Differences Perspective On Working Memory(WM) • Measuring individual difference • Reading/operation/counting/spatial span • Two observation • WM tasks are reliable • Individual difference is correlated with Higher-level Cognition. • General or Specific WM ?

  4. Which Hypothesis is correct? • Two hypothesis • Domain-specific factor • Reading process – reading span task, etc. • Domain-general factor • Attention control / Inhibitory process Average inter-task correlation Domain-general factor Correlation of WM span with higher-level cognition

  5. View in Research WM • Microanalytic Research • WM tasks vs. elementary tasks. • Macroanalytic Research • WM vs. Individual difference (Cognition) • WM may be a component of gf Elementarytask Elementarytask gf WM

  6. The Role of Strategies? • The main effect of strategy use may be on the total variance in WM performance. • But it Not mean differential strategy use by low-spans and high-spans accounts for the relationship between WM span and higher-level cognition.

  7. Toward a Broader Perspective on the Role of WM in Higher-Level Cognition • Domain-general hypothesis • Microanalytic • Individual difference Factor is elementary attention. • Macroanalytic • WM plays important role in cognition. • WM : bottom-up • Integrating coming information with preexisting knowledge.

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