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MBS 212 Human Movement

MBS 212 Human Movement. PRACTICAL 3 LOWER LIMB Prof. Thomas K. Monsees 2008. Regions of the lower limb. Gluteal Posterolateral btw iliac crest + gluteal fold of buttock Thigh Anteriorly btw inguinal lig + knee joint Leg Btw knee + ankle joint Foot Distal to ankle point.

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MBS 212 Human Movement

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  1. MBS 212 Human Movement PRACTICAL 3 LOWER LIMB Prof. Thomas K. Monsees 2008 Prof. Monsees

  2. Regions of the lower limb • Gluteal • Posterolateral btw iliac crest + gluteal fold of buttock • Thigh • Anteriorly btw inguinal lig + knee joint • Leg • Btw knee + ankle joint • Foot • Distal to ankle point Prof. Monsees

  3. Bones of the lower limb Bones • Pelvic bone (link to sacrum) • Femur (largest bone of body) • Tibia (medial) • Fibula (lateral) Joints • Hip joint (ball & socket) • Btw pelvic bone + femur • Knee joint w patella (hinge) • Btw femur + tibia Prof. Monsees

  4. Transition from abdomen and pelvis to lower limb Bony pelvis, lat view Prof. Monsees

  5. Proximal end of right femur Prof. Monsees

  6. distal pt Femur Prof. Monsees

  7. Tibia and fibula Prof. Monsees

  8. Bones of the foot Bones • Phalanges • Metatarsals • Tarsal bones • 7 in 2 rows + 1 bone in between Joints Ligaments Deep transverse metatarsal ligament Prof. Monsees

  9. Bones of foot do not lie flat in single plane  • Longitudinal + transverse arches of the foot • Arches are flexible; absorb and transmit forces during standing and walking Prof. Monsees

  10. Hip Muscles • Muscles in gluteal region mainly support extension, rotation + abduction of hip • They also control movement of pelvis relative to limb bearing the body’s weight (stance limb) while the other limb swings forward (swing limb) during walking Prof. Monsees

  11. Hip Muscles • Major flexors of hip attach to posterior abdominal wall and descend through gap between inguinal ligament and pelvic bone to attach to proximal end of femur Prof. Monsees

  12. Thigh Muscles • Separated into 3 compartments by fascia, bones + ligaments • Medial (adductor) • Anterior (extensor) • Posterior (flexor) • Most medial muscles act mainly on hip joint • Large posterior hamstring muscles act on hip (extension) + knee (flexion) • Anterior muscles (quadricaps femoris) extend knee Prof. Monsees

  13. Leg Muscles • Separated into 3 compartments by fascia, bones + ligaments • Lateral (fibular) • Anterior • Posterior • Lateral muscles predominantly evert foot • Anterior muscles dorsiflex foot + extent digits • Posterior muscles plantarflex foot + flex digits Prof. Monsees

  14. Right posterior hip, superficialdeep Prof. Monsees

  15. Right anterior thigh Right medial thigh Prof. Monsees

  16. Right posterior thigh Prof. Monsees

  17. Cross section left leg Prof. Monsees

  18. Anterior view right legLateral view right leg Prof. Monsees

  19. Posterior view right leg Posterior view right leg Calf muscle, superficial Calf muscle, deep Prof. Monsees

  20. Right foot musclessuperficial deep Prof. Monsees

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  27. Surface anatomy lower limb Prof. Monsees

  28. Femor triangle Wedge-shaped depression formed by muscles in the upper thigh btw anterior abdominal wall + lower limb Content: Major blood supply Femoral nerve Prof. Monsees Boundaries

  29. Popliteal fossa: • Posterior to knee joint • Diamond shaped region formed by muscles of thigh + leg • major vessels + nerves pass here • Tarsal tunnel: • series of cannels on posterior side of ankle. Most nerves, vessels + flexor tendons pass here between leg and foot • Cannel formed by adjacent bones + flexor retinaculum Prof. Monsees

  30. Adductor canal Prof. Monsees

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