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DO NOW: REVIEW FROM YESTERDAY: You need your reference table… Name the element

DO NOW: REVIEW FROM YESTERDAY: You need your reference table… Name the element. Period 7, group 1 Period 4, Halogen family 2 energy shells, Alkaline E arth M etal Noble gas, period 2 3 valance electrons, period 3 6 valance electrons, 3 energy shells 1 energy shell, 2 valance electrons

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DO NOW: REVIEW FROM YESTERDAY: You need your reference table… Name the element

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  1. DO NOW: REVIEW FROM YESTERDAY:You need your reference table…Name the element • Period 7, group 1 • Period 4, Halogen family • 2 energy shells, Alkaline Earth Metal • Noble gas, period 2 • 3 valance electrons, period 3 • 6 valance electrons, 3 energy shells • 1 energy shell, 2 valance electrons • Row 4, Carbon Family

  2. What is the periodic table? • compact way of organizing elements • contains a lot of information • allows us to make predictions about behaviour and properties of elements • Elements

  3. Periodic Law • There is a periodic repetition of chemical and physical properties of elements when arranged by increasing atomic number

  4. Classifying the Elements • 75% of elements are metals • Remaining elements: non-metals & metalloids (semi-metals) • Staircase: • dividing line between metals & nonmetals • elements to left are metals • elements to right are non-metals

  5. Properties of Metals • Malleable – flattened into sheets • Ductile – drawn into wires & tubes • have Luster • Good Conductors of heat & electricity • Solid at room temperature (except Hg) • Metals lose electrons & form positive ions “Metals are losers”

  6. So…metals don’t want electrons, they want to get rid of them 2-8-1 2-8

  7. LIQUID SOLIDS METALS MOST REACTIVE METAL (MOST METALLIC) = BEST LOSER Hg

  8. Properties of Nonmetals • generally gases or solids (except Br2) • solids are Brittle • solids are Dull • poor conductors of heat & electricity • Nonmetals gain electrons & form negative ions “Nonmetals are winners”

  9. So…nonmetals love electrons, they want to take electrons 2-6 2-8

  10. LIQUID NONMETALS SOLIDS METALS MOST REACTIVE NONMETAL MOST REACTIVE METAL (MOST METALLIC) = BEST LOSER Br Hg Non-reactive – they have all 8 valance electrons

  11. Most elements are solid at room temperature • Liquids (only 2 at room temp.) • Br2 (non-metal) and Hg (metal) • GASES • Elements that are gases at STP are…Diatomics: They don’t like to be alone so they always pair up! • H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2 • Monatomics: noble gases He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn

  12. LIQUID GASSES NONMETALS He H SOLIDS N O F Ne METALS Cl Ar MOST REACTIVE NONMETAL MOST REACTIVE METAL (MOST METALLIC) = BEST LOSER Br Kr Xe Hg Rn Non-reactive – they have all 8 valance electrons

  13. Properties of Metalloids Each metalloid has some metallic and some nonmetallic properties • Example:Si • shiny like metal but brittle like nonmetal

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