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GOALS OF RESEARCH

GOALS OF RESEARCH. EXPLORATORY BECOMES FAMILIAR WITH THE BASIC FACTS, SETTINGS, CONCERNS 3. CrEAT A GENERAL MENTAL PICTURE OF CONDITIONS 4. FORMULATE AND FOCUS QUESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH 5. GENERATE NEW IDEAS, OR HYPOTHESIS 6. DETERIMINE THE FEASIBILITY OF CONDUCTING RESEARCH

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GOALS OF RESEARCH

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  1. GOALS OF RESEARCH • EXPLORATORY • BECOMES FAMILIAR WITH THE BASIC FACTS, • SETTINGS, CONCERNS • 3. CrEAT A GENERAL MENTAL PICTURE OF CONDITIONS • 4. FORMULATE AND FOCUS QUESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH • 5. GENERATE NEW IDEAS, OR HYPOTHESIS • 6. DETERIMINE THE FEASIBILITY OF CONDUCTING RESEARCH • 7. DEVELOP TECHNIQUES FOR MEASURING AND LOCATING FUTURE DATA 3a EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  2. DESCRIPTIVE • PROVIDE A DETaILE, HIGHLY ACCURATE PICTURE • LOCATE NEW DATA THAT CONTRaDICT PAST DATA • CREATE A SET OF CATEGORIES OR CLASSIFY TYPES • CLARIFY A SEQUENCE OF STEPS OR STAGES • DOCUMENT A CAUSAL PROCESS OR MECHANISM • REPORT ON THE BACKGROUND OR • CONTEXT OF SITUATION EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  3. EXPLANATORY • TEST A THEORY’S PREDICTION OR PRINCIPLES • ELABORATE AND ENRICH A THEORY’S EXPLANTION • EXTEND THEORIES TO NEW ISSUES AND TOPICS • SUPPORT OR REFUTE EXPLANATION OR PREDICTION • LINK ISSUES OR TOPICS WITH GENERAL PRINCIPLES • DETERMINE WHICH OF SEVERAL • EXPLA NATIONS IS BEST. EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  4. TIME DIMENSION IN RESEARCH • CROSS SECTIONAL TAKE MASUREMENT AT ONE POINT IN TIME. Kebiasannya kita menjalanakn kajian sebegini • LONGITUDINAL • TIME SERIES • PANEL STUDY • COHORT EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  5. Characteristics of research • melibatkan pengumpulan data baru atau data yang sedia ada untuk tujuan baru (primary source or secondary source) • mengarah kepada penyelesaian kepada pemasalahan or development of theories • characterized by carefully designed procedures, always applying rigorous logical analysis • place emphasis upon development of sound theories or upon the discovery of general principles that will be helpful in predicting future occurences EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  6. require expertise involve accurate observation and description logical and objective, applying all possible test to validate the procedures employed, data collected, and the conclusion reached patients and unhurried activity require courage recorded and reported EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  7. Research TOPIC • Title: punyai kata kunci atau phrases bagi memberikan gambara jelas dan tepat tentang the scope and nature of the study and key word should allow bibliographer to index the stuy in a proper vategories. EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  8. Should be able to indicate: Major variables being investigated THE NATURE OF RESEARCH DESCRIPTIVE SURVEY EX POST FACTO CORRELATIONAL EXPERIMENTAL TARGET POPULATION EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  9. AVOID USING: A STUDY OF ………… An investigation of ………. A survey of ………….. EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  10. Examples of diss. Topics: Self-concept, social support systems, and career maturity of the female college student Career maturity, time perspective, and academic performance in College Assistance Migrant Program students… The relationship between role learning and multiple-role realism…. Career maturity and female student-athletes… EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  11. The relationship between the role salience of athletic identity and super's life roles in vocational maturity in collegiate student-athletes Factors that influence achievement of female administrators in higher education at eleven Southeastern research universities THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PERCEIVED INSTRUCTIONAL LEADERSHIP SKILLS OF FOUR ELEMENTARY PRINCIPALS AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THEIR SCHOOLS (SCHOOL EFFECTIVENESS) EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  12. THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ADVANCED DEGREES IN EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND THE CAREER PATHS OF THE MALE AND FEMALE GRADUATES FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN FROM 1985-1990 (ILLINOIS) EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  13. The relationship between entrepreneurial success and need of achievement, locus of control, social networking, and educational level of AIM entrepreneurs in Kelantan NATURE OF RESEARCH VARIABLES BEING INVESTIGATED TARGET POPULATION EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  14. What is your topic of research? • Identify your research topic…… • Identify the type of research that seem most appropriate for the topic • What is your population? EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  15. Table of contents: Abide by the recommended style Bird’s eye view of your thesis EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  16. abStract Write clearly and consisely as possible and must reflect the purpose (brief) , procedures (brief) and summary of major findings of the study. (Show example) EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  17. Need to include: Introduction Problem statement Objectives, research questions, and hypothesis (where applicable) Scope and significance of the study Definition of terms Theoretical framework of the study CHAPTER 1 EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  18. Chapter 1 Introduction Why important? • provide readers with the necc background and setting to put problem in proper context • let the readers see the basis of the study • justify and convince the readers the the study is needed • be factual… statements, point-of vies shoud be documented (should have references) • this is your sales pitch EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  19. PROBLEM STATEMENT We want to be able to answer the “so what question”. Thus, the problem to investigated be meaningful. The problem must be clearly stated. You do not need to write pages… EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  20. Sources of the problem • How do I find or where do I get? Common questions asked by many new reseachers. • Three important sources of research problem. • Experience • Deduction from theory • Related literature EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  21. EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  22. Deduction from theory: Theories involves general principles whose applicability to specific situation is only hypothetical untul research empirically confirm it. From theory you generate hypothesis and test the formulated hypothesis such as: Does watching violent scene on TV promote agressive behavior among teenagers? Then collect the data to substantiate your hypothesis EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  23. Related Literature • read critically- question concepts and statement in articles • Questions methodologies • check if here is any evidence to substantiate the position/claims • Read research, review of research, and use computerised search EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  24. Evaluating researchproblem Adakah ia menyumbang kepada pengetahuan dalam bidang pendidikan (Significant)? • Memperbanyakan lagi fakta bagi sesuatu isu? • Memperkukuhkan lagi dapatan yang telah lalu? • Mempekukuhkan lagi teori pendidikan ? EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  25. Menyelesaikan masalah ketidak selarasan hasil kajian lalu? Adakah ia menghasilkan peralian baru antara suatu pembolehubah dengan pembolehubah yang lain? Mesti boleh menjawab soalan , SO? Tentukan kepentingan hasil kajian ini kepada teorist dan pengamal pendidikan? Jangan pilih masalah yang trivial yang tidak ada kepentingan atau yang mana jawapan boleh diperolehi tanpa melalui kajian EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  26. Masalah tadi boleh menghasilkan masalah kajian baru yang menggalakkan kajian lanjutan. Kajian yang baik akan dapat menyelesaikan masalah yang ingin diselesaikan. Pada masa yang sama persoalan baru akan timbul dan memerlukan kajian lanjutan atau tambahan. EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  27. Masalah yang dipilih mestilah boleh dikaji Misalnya : perlukah pengetua mengamalkan kepemimpinan transformational? Perlukan guru-guru komited kepada tugas mereka? (ianya melibatkan isu philosophical/values) ubah kepada bentuk yang membolehkan kita dapat data secara empirik. Misalnya What is the relationship beteween transformational leadership and teachers job satisfaction? EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  28. What are the factors related to the use of transformational leadership by the school principals? Penyelidik juga perlu beri perhatian kepada takrifan dan pengukuran pembolehubah yang akan dikaji. Misalnya what changes will occur as a result of participating in cocurricluar activities? Changes: what is it? How do we define changes? Jadi masalah yang boleh dikaji ada kaitan dengan pemboleh ubah itu sendiri/ adakah pembolehubah itu dapat diukur? Jika boleh bagaimana mengukurnya? EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  29. Masalah mestilah serasi dengan penyelidik berkenaan. mestilah sesuai dengan kebolehan serta pengetahuan penyelidik. Penyelidik mesti mempunyai kemahiran yang tinggi dalam menjalankan kajian yang telah dipilihnya. Adakah penyelidik berminat dengan masalah yang akan dikaji? EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  30. Kalau tak berminat mungkinkah anda akan meluangkan masa untu kajian berkenaan. Kita sendiri mestilah setelah selesai kajian merasa kepuasannya. Kita merasa bangga dengan hasil kajian ini Fikirkan tentang subject kajian. Fikirkan tentang masa untuk kajian Fikirkan tentang peruntukan kewangan EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  31. Is the problem researchable (clarity)? Philosophical issues cannot be answered by scientific inquiry. Like should we provide needles and condoms to drug addicts? But, what is the effect of … on the spread of HIV. So you have to do some manipulation to the philosophiocal issues EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  32. Resources available? time money knowledge and skills EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  33. Should be ethically appropriate Consent Protection from harm privacy EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  34. Contoh pemasalahan kajian: Nak kaji keberkesanan kurikulum baru sains di sekolah menengah (general idea) Define what is meant by effectiveness? What is mean by new science curriculum? What is mean by secondary school? Setelah diberi takrifan, masalah kajian yang asal akan berubah menjadi misalnya> WHAT IS THE EFFECT Of COMPUTER ASSISTED PHYSIC COURSE IN THE COMPREHENSION OF PHYSIC CONCEPTS OF FORM FOUR STUDENTS EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  35. Jadi apabila kita dah fokuskan masalah kajian ini maka penyelidik boleh tentukan bentuk kajian yang akan dijalankan. Dalam kes ini kajian yang sesuai ialah kajian experimental. Gunakan randomised pretest posttest control group design R O1 X1 O2 R O3 X2 O4 Try not have too general the problem and too specifik Too general loose fokus. Too spesifik loose importance Should the proble be stated in questions form or declarative statement? Yo can have both> Berikan declarative statement then folowed by question form. EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  36. Does individual tutoring by upper grade students have a positive effect on below-average readers? What is the population? What is the variable? Is the variable too general? If yes what to do? What is the independent and dependent variables? What is meant by positive effect? EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  37. Among below average second- grade readers, is there a difference in CAT reading scores between those who have received 15 minuts per day of individual word flash drill by upper-grade students and those who have recived no word drill? Masalah yang dipilih juga perlu mengenalpasti pembolehubah kajian, populasi kajian kaedah kajian yang akan dijalankan lain-lain panduan: masukan juga statistics yang terdapat untuk menguatkan penyataan masalah berkenaan EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  38. Criteria for research problem statement Clarify what is to be investigate-variables, population (need to define the variables) State the relationship between variables. It is stated in a declartive form not in question form EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

  39. Should be states in a way that research into the question is possible- must be able to collect data to answer the question (should philosophy be included in high school curriculum? Or what is the meaning of life? But you can change, do people think Philosophy should be included in the curriculum Can’t collect Empirical data value Metaphysic; that is beyond the physical EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR

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