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Solving Those Overseeding Blues

Solving Those Overseeding Blues. Leah A. Brilman, Ph.D. Research Director Seed Research of Oregon www.sroseed.com. Thanks!. Eric Case - Marriot’s Camelback Golf Resort, Scottsdale, AZ Shawn Emerson, Joe Tropico, Chris Montague - Desert Mountain Golf Properties, Carefree, AZ

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Solving Those Overseeding Blues

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  1. Solving Those Overseeding Blues

  2. Leah A. Brilman, Ph.D.Research DirectorSeed Research of Oregonwww.sroseed.com

  3. Thanks! • Eric Case - Marriot’s Camelback Golf Resort, Scottsdale, AZ • Shawn Emerson, Joe Tropico, Chris Montague - Desert Mountain Golf Properties, Carefree, AZ • Paul Elwood - The Gallery, Marana, AZ • Jim Moore - TPC Eagle Trace, Coral Springs, FL • Fred Klauk - TPC Sawgrass, Ponte Vedra, FL • Cal Roth - TPC • Dr. Bruce Martin - Clemson University, SC • Dr. Larry Stowell - PACE • Kelly Schuck - ProSource One, Glendale, AZ

  4. Why overseed ? • Provide green color during winter = • more play and more revenue • Increase wear tolerance during • dormant season • Improved playing surface during winter

  5. What to overseed ? • Dependent on location, budget, and course design • Greens - Most courses • Fairways - Many courses • Roughs - Some courses • Species selection also depends on location, • budget, and course design

  6. Why overseed withdifferent species? • Use mixtures for genetic diversity • Resistance to diseases and stresses • Color contrast • Improved transition • Improved quality • Smaller seeds • Potential cost savings

  7. Why overseed withdifferent species? • Resistance to diseases and stresses • Chytridiomycete on Poa trivialis in SC

  8. Why overseed withdifferent species? • Color contrast

  9. Species for Overseeding • Ryegrasses • Perennial, intermediate, annual • Fine fescues • Chewings, slender creeping red, • strong creeping red, hard • Bentgrasses • Velvet, colonial, creeping, dryland, Idaho • Bluegrasses • Rough bluegrass, Kentucky, others • Other species

  10. Perennial Ryegrass • Assets • Standard • High quality - tops many tests • Rapid germination • Quick establishment • Very dark green color • Known cultural conditions • Good Poa control

  11. Perennial Ryegrass • Problems • Poor transition, heat tolerance high • Susceptible to Chytridiomycete fungus Wider leaf blade • Larger seed size - more difficult to • establish in ultradwarfs • Soil surface disruption & damage for establishment • Most expensive per square foot

  12. Intermediate Ryegrass • New improved varieties for turf • Quality significantly better than annuals or • older intermediates • Medium green • Quality approaching older turf-type perennials • Quicker transition than perennials • Less expensive than perennials • Can be included in mixtures

  13. Fine fescues • Chewings, slender creeping red, • Strong creeping red, hard • Very fine with stiff texture • Good wear tolerance • Winter-active growth • Improved transition with high quality • Rapid germination - Chewings and red • Resistance to Chytridiomycete fungus • Medium seed size

  14. Fine fescues • High salt tolerance • Color and texture contrast • Increase genetic diversity of mixtures • Mixtures with perennial ryegrass, • bentgrasses, Poa trivialis • Seeding rates (alone) - Do not mow too soon • Greens 25 - 30 lbs./1000 sq. ft. • Tees 20-25 lbs./1000 sq. ft. • Fairways 10-15 lbs./1000 sq.ft. - Excellent

  15. Dawson slender Perennial ryegrass • Creeping red fescue

  16. Velvet Bentgrass • Very small seed size (best for ultradwarfs) • Best putting surface • Highest wear tolerance, high density • Medium establishment • Germinates well at low soil temperatures • Medium dark green • Best shade tolerance • Excellent transition

  17. Velvet Bentgrass Creeping bentgrass SR 7200 Velvet bentgrass

  18. Colonial bentgrass • ‘Highland’ bentgrass is a dryland bentgrass • not a colonial bentgrass • Highland Colonial • A. castellana A. capillaris • blue-green true green • stolons stolons • long rhizomes usually no rhizomes • scalp/false crown more upright

  19. Colonial bentgrass • Small seed (good for ultra-dwarf bermudas) • Medium establishment • Medium dark green • High wear tolerance • Good transition • High turf quality • High density • Less expensive

  20. Creeping bentgrass • Small seed (good for ultradwarfs) • High putting quality • High salt tolerance • Moderate transition - cultivar dependent • Can persist into early summer • Medium to slow establishment • Dark to medium blue green color • Excellent if have heavy play in early summer

  21. Other bentgrass • Dryland “Highland” bentgrass, • Idaho bentgrass, Redtop • Small seed (good for ultradwarfs) • Quality not as high • Moderate transition • Variable establishment • Dark to medium gray green color

  22. Rough bluegrass • Smaller seed size (ultradwarfs & zoysias) • Medium to fast establishment rate • Stoloniferous (can become weed) • Transition - poor to good • Fine texture • Light to medium green • High density • Very susceptible to Chytridiomycete • Blend of cultivars or lots improves establishment

  23. Kentucky bluegrass • Smaller seed size (ultradwarfs & zoysias) • Slow establishment rate, best if need • spring or early summer performance • Stoloniferous / rhizomatous • Transition - poor to good • Fine to medium texture • Dark green color • High density • Excellent cold tolerance and retain their green • color under freezing temperatures

  24. Species Mixtures • Combines strengths/weaknesses • Less likely to have diseases • Adjust initial management/mowing • to insure multiple species establish • Smoothes out transition, more staged • Can reduce costs

  25. Species Mixtures • Successful mixtures • Perennial ryegrass + rough bluegrass • Above + bentgrass (velvet, creeping, colonial) • Colonial bentgrass + Chewings or red fescue • Velvet bentgrass + Chewings or red fescue • Rough bluegrass + bentgrass • Perennial ryegrass + fine fescues • Above + bentgrasses • Slender creeping red + creeping bent - • salt or Chrytridiomycete sites

  26. Other species • Hairgrasses - Deschampsia ssp. • Dark to light green • Transitions well • Very wear tolerant • Junegrasses - Koeleria ssp. • Seeding rates? • Good color, wear tolerance

  27. Improving transition • Bermudagrass preparation • Control thatch during summer - frequent • light verticutting, topdressing • Heavy verticutting damages stolons and • rhizomes needed for recovery • Spring Management • Lower mowing height - scalping on roughs • Increased nitrogen • Light verticutting if hot - check bermuda • Aerification and topdressing

  28. Future Work • Collect and evaluate more species • Regionalize species recommendations • New species need management/chemical work • Work with Universities/ Plant Material Centers • Economic seed production • Market development

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