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A Research and Advisory Group Focused on Human-Technology Co-Evolution and Its Implications for Global Business, Society and Politics
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HYBRID REALITY AYESHA and PARAG KHANNA
Socio-technicalEras Disruption Scenarios Cities
Humanity’s Socio-Technical Eras Stone Age
Humanity’s Socio-Technical Eras Stone Age Agrarian Age
Humanity’s Socio-Technical Eras Stone Age Agrarian Age IndustrialAge
Humanity’s Socio-Technical Eras Stone Age Agrarian Age IndustrialAge InformationAge
Humanity’s Socio-Technical Eras Stone Age Agrarian Age IndustrialAge InformationAge Hybrid Age
Humanity’s Socio-Technical Eras Hybrid Age • integrated • ubiquitous intelligent • social
The Hybrid Age: A New Socio-Technical Nexus • Technologies merging with each other • Humans merging with technologies
3 Concepts to Understand the Hybrid Age Human-Technology Co-evolution • Technology evolution patterns • Brian Arthur: combinatorial technological evolution • Kevin Kelly: Techniumincludes man/nature • Human evolution patterns • Charles Darwin: modification by descent • Robert Fogel: techno-physioevolution • Hybrid Age: Evolution as Flow • Adrian Bejan: constructal law
3 Concepts to Understand the Hybrid Age Technik • Historical Usage • Lewis Mumford: culture, technology, people, processes, rules • Oswald Spengler: economic, political, cultural, educational systems • Technik in the Hybrid Age • Between scientific determinism and social constructivism • Capacity to harness emerging technologies Technikin the Hybrid Age
3 Concepts to Understand the Hybrid Age Generativity • The Structural Property of Capacity for Creation • Noam Chomsky: grammar from few rules • Jonathan Zittrain: capacity for unexpected users/products • Social Systems in Hybrid Age Exhibiting Generativity • Healthcare, education, economy, governance systems begin to exhibit expansive capacity to connect users and enable them to create new values and outputs • Generativity as Value-Neutral Property • Open to all. Potential for egalitarianism or monopolism
GeoTechnology as a Driver in 21st Century Major trends have technology at root: • Shift to multipolarity • Shrinking of space • Convergence of economies • Spread of innovation • New forms of collaboration
BUT Isn’t the Singularity Near…? InformationAge Machines connect humans and process knowledge and instructions Machines become integrated, ubiquitous, intelligent and social HybridAge Singularity Age Machine intelligence becomes greater than human intelligence
Scenario 1: DIY Manufacturing Beware of unexpected cascading scenarios
Scenario 2: Rise of Intelligent Robots $45 Million – South Korea investment in Robotic Teaching Assistants
Scenario 2: Rise of Intelligent Robots 86% – prostate surgeries in the US in 2010 were robot-assisted
Scenario 2: Rise of Intelligent Robots • $100,000 – Cost of robotparalegals to examine 1.5 million documents
Scenario 2: Rise of Intelligent Robots 160,000 – Fans who attended concert of Japanese holographic rock star
Scenario 3: Enhancing to Compete Drugs Prosthetics Brain computer interfaces Radical life extension
Scenario 3: Enhancing to Compete Redefining Health • Health = Prevention + Therapy • + Enhancement
Scenario 3: Enhancing to Compete • Commercialization - East • Invention - West
Scenario 4: Emergence of the Global Brain • Sebastian Thrun • 2007 – Professor at Stanford University
Scenario 4: Emergence of the Global Brain • Sebastian Thrun • 2007 – Professor at Stanford University 2010 – He launched the Google Driverless car
Scenario 4: Emergence of the Global Brain • Sebastian Thrun • 2007 – Professor at Stanford University 2010 – He launched the Google Driverless car • 2011 – He taught a free online course on artificial intelligence to 160,000 students
Scenario 4: Emergence of the Global Brain • Sebastian Thrun • 2007 – Professor at Stanford University 2010 – He launched the Google Driverless car • 2011 – He taught a free online course on artificial intelligence to 160,000 students • 2012 – Left Stanford and started Udacity
A New Age, A New Scale: The Rise of the City • Massive urbanization • 70% world population will live in cities by 2050 • Building of new cities • UN estimates we need 9000 new cities • Shift in identity • Daniel Bell: “city-zen” is the new citizen
Networked Infrastructure and Internet of Things: City as a Platform Smart Homes Smart Traffic Smart Power Smart Profiles Smart Trees?
City-wide Dashboard Source: Accenture
Business Opportunity • $1.2 Trillion Dollars in 10 years • Social Impact Opportunity • Healthcare, Education, Sustainability
Rushto CreateNew Smart Cities/Districts andRetrofit Existing Cities Stockholm ★ Skolkovo ★ Amsterdam ★ Toronto ★ New York ★ PlanIT Valley ★ Chongqing Songdo ★ Nano City ★ Austin ★ ★ Masdar ★ Wuxi King Abdullah Economic City ★ ★ Lavasa ★ Ho Chi Min City ★ Singapore ★ Rio ★
Efficiency vs. Big Brother The Good The Bad
Influence vs. manipulation The Bad The Good
The Path to Good Technik Embedding Values • Universal Rights: Access, transparency and equity • Is Internet a Human Right? (UN/Finland/France vs. Cerf) Techno-Pragmatism • Building capacity in leading sectors • Measurement: Income, Human Development, Connectivity Mindfulness about “Design” • Resolving the structure/agency tension • Filter Bubble and “Walled Gardens” Managing Your Identities • Personal Identity Ecology: Physical Individual, Virtual Avatar, Robotic Companion • Feedback Loops and Sense of Self
Good vs. Bad Technik GOOD • more economic participants • growing transparency and self-governance • lower cost of education BAD • Gene co-efficient growing • Global class struggle • Collective digital system crash
CONTACTPARAG KHANNAparag@hybridreality.meAYESHA KHANNAayesha@hybridreality.me