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France in 1789

France in 1789. Ancien Regime. Absolute Monarchy – monarch divinely appointed by God; the King ruled France legislatively and politically taking advice from various bodies: Estates General – little power, convened by the King and could be dismissed by him. Met rarely, last meeting 1614

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France in 1789

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  1. France in 1789

  2. Ancien Regime • Absolute Monarchy – monarch divinely appointed by God; the King ruled France legislatively and politically taking advice from various bodies: Estates General – little power, convened by the King and could be dismissed by him. Met rarely, last meeting 1614 Ministers – appointed by the King to administer various areas of activity, provided advice to the king, could be dismissed Royal Council of high nobles

  3. Ancien Regime • Local administration Royal Governors (usually from the nobility) represented the king and held military and civil authority. Intendants were local officials appointed by the King to dispense justice and collect taxes Parlements (13) royal courts that heard appeals from lower courts and were responsible for registering royal edicts in order to make them enforceable laws

  4. Ancien Regime • The Roman Catholic Church of France Bishops directed the financial affairs of their diocese, and participated in the civil administration on the provincial estates controlled by the church (owned approx 10% of the land in France) All universities and most schools owned and administered by the church Clergymen reinforced the idea of obedience to the King and civil authorities

  5. AncienRegimThe Three Estates • First Estate – the clergy, in 1789 about 130,000; approx half lived in monasteries and convents; about half “secular” clergy who ran churches and public welfare. Mostly exempt from taxation • Second Estate – nobility of France, about 200,000 members, made up of “old” nobility going back to medieval times and “new” nobility who were local administrators who bought their titles from the King • Third Estate – everyone else of the 27 million population; peasants, town workers, shopkeepers and small traders and wealthy business men. About 2 million lived in towns. Paid all the taxation. In the countryside rights are also restricted by church and noble privileges to control hunting and other rural industry activities.

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