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A Visual Tour of the Effect of per Capita Income

A Visual Tour of the Effect of per Capita Income. -around the world in 30 minutes-. Bhutan. Per capita income: $174 Population doubling time: 30 years Male life expectancy: 47 years Female life expectancy: 49 years Fertility rate: 5.9 children/woman Population density: 94/sq mile.

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A Visual Tour of the Effect of per Capita Income

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  1. A Visual Tour of the Effect of per Capita Income -around the world in 30 minutes-

  2. Bhutan • Per capita income: $174 • Population doubling time: 30 years • Male life expectancy: 47 years • Female life expectancy: 49 years • Fertility rate: 5.9 children/woman • Population density: 94/sq mile

  3. Mali • Per capita income: $251 • Population doubling time: 20 years • Male life expectancy: 47 years • Female life expectancy: 50 years • Fertility rate: 7.1 children/woman • Population density: 22.6/ sq mile

  4. Haiti • Per capita income: $374 • Population doubling time: 35 years • Male life expectancy: 53 years • Female life expectancy: 56 years • Fertility rate: 4.8 children/woman • Population density: 666/sq mile

  5. China • Per capita income: $364 • Population doubling time: 49 years • Male life expectancy: 67 years • Female life expectancy: 71 years • Fertility rate: 2.2 children/woman • Population density: 335/ sq mile

  6. Guatemala • Per capita income: $944 • Population doubling time: 24 years • Male life expectancy: 61 years • Female life expectancy: 66 years • Fertility rate: 5.4 children/woman • Population density: 252/ sq mile

  7. Uzbekistan • Per capita income: $978 • Population doubling time: 33.4 years • Male life expectancy: 66 years • Female life expectancy: 73 years • Fertility rate: 4.4 children/woman • Population density: 132/sq mile

  8. Thailand • Per capita income: $1697 • Population doubling time: 55 years • Male life expectancy: 66 years • Female life expectancy: 72 years • Fertility rate: 2.2 children/woman • Population density: 294/sq mile

  9. Mongolia • Per capita income: $1820 • Population doubling time: 27 years • Male life expectancy: 61 years • Female life expectancy: 64 years • Fertility rate: 4.6 children/woman • Population density: 4/ sq mile

  10. Cuba • Per capita income: $2,000 • Population doubling time: 78 years • Male life expectancy: 74 years • Female life expectancy: 79 • Fertility rate: 1.9 children/woman • Population density: 259/sq mile

  11. Israel • Per capita income: $12,293 • Population doubling time: 15 years • Male life expectancy: 74 years • Female life expectancy: 78 years • Fertility rate: 2.2 children/woman • Population density: 751/ sq mile

  12. Japan • Per capita income: $26,824 • Population doubling time: 183 years • Male life expectancy: 76 years • Female life expectancy: 82 years • Fertility rate: 1.7 children/woman • Population density: 862/ sq mile

  13. Kuwait • Per capita income: $16,380 • Population doubling time: -- years • Male life expectancy: 72 years • Female life expectancy: 76 years • Fertility rate: 3.7 children/woman • Population density: 174/ sq mile

  14. United States • Per capita income: $26,000 • Population doubling time: 88 years • Male life expectancy: 74 years • Female life expectancy: 78 years • Fertility rate: 2.1 children/woman • Population density: 77/ sq mile

  15. Relation of Values to Development • What are the results of increasing GNP? • Life Expectancy vs GNP • Well Being vs GNP (actual) • Well Being vs GNP (theoretical)

  16. GNP vs Life Expectancy

  17. GNP versus Well Being

  18. Generalized GNP vs Well-being Curve

  19. Environmental Problems in Survival Phase • Disease • Injury • Starvation • Environment is viewed as another external controlling force to be overcome; impacts result in a new environmental form that is neither better or worst

  20. Environmental Problems in Pre-modern Phase • Plagues, famines • Wars • Drinking water contamination • Environment is viewed as nurturing and resistant to human impacts; however, big impacts can bring disaster to family

  21. Environmental Problems in Modern Phase • Accidents • Water, wastewater and air pollution • Industrial, toxic, and hazardous wastes • Environment is viewed as a source of raw materials and as resistant to human impacts; big impacts can bring disaster to corporations and bureaucracies

  22. Environmental Problems in Post-modern Phase • Crowding • Solid wastes • Non-point chemicals • Old age • Resource depletion • Large-scale accidents • Global disruption of natural cycles • Epidemics

  23. Environmental Problems in Post-modern Phase • For individualist, impacts to the environmental are often seen as incremental and inconsequential. Environment is often seen as another consumptive good. • For egalitarian, any impact to the environment may be disastrous. Impacts are seen as additive. The environment is seen as a place to create the “good society.”

  24. Important Environmental Values • Value of non-human life? • Preservation of richness and diversity of life forms? • No, minimal, or tolerable human impacts? • Sustainability? • Conservation of areas with no human impact?

  25. Old Interaction of Technologies with Society Perceived Need Design It Build It Attempt sustainability Deal with Impacts

  26. New Interactionof Technologies with Society Hierarchical Needs Survival Needs Seek sustainable systems Design, build, minimize impacts Egalitarian Needs Individual Needs

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