Some Info for You EXPLORE Test Thursday, December 12 th Report to your 6 th Period (ALL DAY)

1. Some Info for You • EXPLORE Test • Thursday, December 12th • Report to your 6th Period (ALL DAY) • Friday, December 13th St. Lucia’s Day

2. Seven Years War 1754-1763 (Nine Years War?!)

3. The First World War? Blue: Great Britain, Prussia, Portugal, & allies Green: France, Spain, Austria, Sweden, & allies

5. North American Theater: known as the French & Indian War

6. Proclamation of 1763

7. Part of The Treaty of Paris • Pushed Native Americans onto a reservation. • Kept colonists in the 13 colonies. • Source of anger for the colonists who felt they had a right to farm the land west as they grew. • Great Britain felt that if they allowed the colonists to move west it would incite a war with the Native Americans.

8. Rise of Liberalism & Republicanism

9. intellectuals began to look at the way rulers governed. • individuals had natural rights and government was an agreement/contract between the people and their ruler.Both the ruler and the citizen had rights and responsibilities. • Power needed to be separated and balanced so that individuals or groups did not become corrupt through those powers. The people wanted a change from the divine right of kings to constitutionalism. • Constitutionalismwas the belief that the government contract should be written down, making clear what powers were given to whom.

10. The philosophers believed that the government "contract" and its supporting laws needed to reflect the "general will" of the people. Laws should be agreed upon by both the ruler and those governed. Assemblies of citizens should be formed with real power to influence the government and judge whether rulers acted properly. Enlightenment Philosopher: Rousseau

11. Navigation Acts & Writs of Assistance

12. Navigation Acts • Forbade importing to or exporting from the British colonies of any goods except in English or colonial ships and it forbade certain goods—tobacco, sugar, cotton, wool, dyeing wools, etc.—to be shipped to any country, except to England or some English plantation. • Molasses Act of 1733—prohibitive duties placed on molasses and sugar, from the French West Indies to the colonies. New England enjoyed a great trade with the islands, receiving molasses and sugar for flour, stock, lumber, and fish. {The northern colonies, which produced the same kinds of goods as England produced, and consequently were barred from the English trade, suffered deeply by the trade laws, while the southern colonies, which raised commodities, such as tobacco and rice, which could not be duplicated in England, suffered far less.} BUT THEY WEREN’T REALLY BEING INFORCED UNTIL….

13. Writs of Assistance Shirley, the Governor of Massachusetts in 1757, passed an act in the British Parliament to strictly enforce the Navigation Acts. General warrants were to be issued by the courts to anyone they suspected of smuggling goods, allowing officers to search and seize any illicit goods.

14. Intolerable Acts & Boycotts

15. Currency Act • Great Britain forbid the colonies to issue lines of credit. • They lacked hard currency (silver and gold coins). • The only way they were allowed to obtain hard currency was by trade, but they were only allowed to trade with Great Britain. • GB did not allow the colonies to print more paper money.

16. Tea Act • The act's main purpose was not to raise revenue from the colonies but to bail out the floundering East India Company, a key actor in the British economy. The British government granted the company a monopoly on the importation and sale of tea in the colonies. • The colonists had never accepted the constitutionality of the duty on tea, and the Tea Act rekindled their opposition to it.

17. Sugar Act • Also known as the American Revenue Act or the American Duties Act, was a revenue-raising act passed by the Parliament of Great Britain on April 5, 1764. • The earlier Molasses Act of 1733, which had imposed a tax of six pence per gallon of molasses, had never been effectively collected due to colonial evasion. By reducing the rate by half and increasing measures to enforce the tax, the British hoped that the tax would actually be collected. • These incidents increased the colonists' concerns about the intent of the British Parliament and helped the growing movement that became the American Revolution.

18. Stamp Act • Imposed a direct tax by the British Parliament specifically on the colonies, and it required that many printed materials in the colonies be produced on stamped paper produced in London, carrying an embossed revenue stamp. • These printed materials were legal documents, magazines, newspapers and many other types of paper used throughout the colonies. Like previous taxes, the stamp tax had to be paid in valid British currency, not in colonial paper money.

19. Boston Tea Party & Boston Harbor Today

22. Causes of the American Revolution Discussion • Share one of the causes of the Revolution from your notes. • Why do you think this was a cause? • Why do you think people were willing to sacrifice their lives for this revolution? • Would you be willing to sacrifice your life for something you feel really strongly about?

23. Causes of the American Revolution Mini-Poster Requirements: Must be visually appealing: include two or three pictures that depict the “cause.” Must include: - a brief description of the “cause.” -a brief explanation of WHY it is a cause to the Revolution

24. Causes of the Revolution: Gallery Walk • Expectations: • Act as if you are in an art gallery! • Silentlywalk around the room (CLOCKWISE) to view & read each mini-poster. • If you must speak, speak at a WHISPER. This is a level 1 on the volume scale. • At each poster write down answers to the questions below. • Gallery Walk Questions: • 1. What is the poster about? • 2. In examining the visuals, do the pictures immediately represent what the poster is about? • 3. Why is this a cause to the Revolution? • 4. If you were an art collector, what price would you appraise the poster at and why?