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Hepatitis B Last updated May 2013

Hepatitis B Last updated May 2013. Hepatitis B virus. 50-100 times more infectious than HIV Chronic HBV infection develops in 90% of those infected as infants and 1-10% infected as adults

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Hepatitis B Last updated May 2013

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  1. Hepatitis BLast updated May 2013

  2. Hepatitis B virus • 50-100 times more infectious than HIV • Chronic HBV infection develops in 90% of those infected as infants and 1-10% infected as adults • Chronic infection can lead to chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, liver failure and liver cancer (usually over 20-30+ years) • Premature death from liver disease occurs in 15-25% of chronically infected people • >350 million people chronically infected worldwide • Vaccine preventable – universal infant vaccination introduced in Ireland in 2008

  3. Worldwide prevalence hepatitis B infection (source: WHO)

  4. Summary of acute (recent infections) hepatitis B in Ireland, 2004-2012) • 8.7% of cases notified 2004-2012 were acute infections • 577 acute notifications in this time period (annual average: n= 64) • The number of acute cases peaked in 2006 at 95 and the lowest number notified was 37 in 2012 • 82% of acute cases notified 2004-2012 were male • Mean ages at notification: 36 for males, 35 for females • Where risk factor data available, 68% of cases were sexually acquired • 42% of sexually acquired cases were in men who have sex with men • Where country of birth available, 72% born in Ireland

  5. Summary of chronic hepatitis B in Ireland, 2004-2012 • 91% of cases notified 2004-2012 were chronically infected • 5535 chronic notifications in this time period (annual average: n= 615) • Notifications peaked in 2008 (n=910) • Notifications decreased to 581 in 2012. • 54% male, 46% female • Mean ages at notification: 34 for males, 30 for females • Limited data indicate that most chronic cases were born and infected outside of Ireland, mostly in Sub-Saharan Africa, Central & Eastern Europe and Asia • It is likely that most became infected at birth or in early childhood and have been infected for decades • Trends in chronic cases are heavily influenced by trends in immigration to Ireland

  6. Number of notifications of hepatitis B, 1996-2012

  7. Mean annual notification rates for hepatitis B per 100,000 population by HSE area & acute/chronic status, 2004-2012

  8. Mean annual notification rates per 100,000 for hepatitis B by age, sex and acute/chronic status, 2004-2012

  9. Most likely risk factor (%) for acute cases of hepatitis B, 2012 (where data available, n=36, 97%)

  10. Region of birth (%) for acute cases of hepatitis B, 2012 (where data available, n=30, 81%)

  11. Risk factors (%) for chronic cases of hepatitis B, 2012 (where data available, n=244, 47%)

  12. Region of birth (%) for chronic cases of hepatitis B, 2012 (where data available, n=221, 42%)

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